بررسی تأثیر ترکیب کاربری سرزمین و سنجه‌های ساختار سیمای سرزمین در مدل‌سازی کیفیت آب رودخانه‌ها (مطالعه موردی: استان اردبیل)

نوع مقاله : مقاله کامل پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه محیط زیست، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج

چکیده

در دهه‌های اخیر، کیفیت آب رودخانه‌ها تحت تأثیر عوامل متعددی که ناشی از منابع آلودگی نقطه‌ای و غیر نقطه‌ای می‌باشد، قرار گرفته است. کاربری‌های سرزمین و تغییرات حاصله از آن‌ها در طول زمان، بیشترین تأثیر را بر روی کیفیت آب رودخانه‌ها داشته‌اند. به‌جز کاربری سرزمین، تحلیل ناهمگونی مکانی و ساختاری سیمای سرزمین نیز می‌تواند در بیان و تحلیل تغییرات کیفیت آب مؤثر باشد. در مطالعه حاضر، به‌منظور مدل‌سازی روابط بین ویژگی ترکیب (درصدکاربری سرزمین) و سنجه‌های ساختار سیمای سرزمین با تغییرات کیفیت آب در استان اردبیل از مدل‌سازی رگرسیون چند متغیره گام‌به‌گام استفاده شد. آزمون شاپیرو در سطح معناداری 05/0 جهت بررسی نرمال بودن داده‌های کیفیت آب مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. سپس از آزمون همبستگی اسپیرمن جهت بررسی ارتباط بین متغیرها استفاده شد.پس از برازش مدل­ ها، آزمون آکائیکه جهت تعیین بهینه‌ترین مدل برای هر پارامتر کیفیت آب مورد استفاده قرار گرفت. نتایج مطالعه نشان داد که سنجه‌های سیمای سرزمین توانسته‌اند بیش از 80 درصد واریانس را در تغییرات متغیرهای کیفیت آب در رودخانه­ های مورد مطالعه در استان اردبیل نشان دهند. هم‌چنین کاربری‌های کشاورزی، شهری و دیم هم در متغیرهای ویژگی ترکیب (درصد) کاربری سرزمین و هم سنجه‌های ساختار سیمای سرزمین بیشترین تأثیر را در کیفیت آب رودخانه‌ها داشته‌اند. در نهایت برای صحت­سنجی مدل‌­ها، از یازده سنجه شامل سنجه‌های برآورد خطای مطلق مدل، تحلیل کارایی مدل و خطای نسبی مدل استفاده شده است که بر اساس نتایج آن، مدل­های ابداعی برای هریک از متغیر کیفیت آب صحت قابل قبولی از خود نشان دادند.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigating the Effects of Land Use/Land Cover Composition on River Water Quality

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mehdi Aalipour Ardi
  • Bahaman Jabbarian Amiri
Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
چکیده [English]

Point and nonpoint sources of pollution both affect water quality (Wang and Choi, 2005). Among the factors of non-point source, land use and land cover are the most important resources, which numerous research studied relationships between land use and water quality in different watersheds (Jun, 2011; Seeboonruang, 2012; Jun, 2013). There is a significant correlation between land use and water quality (Su et al. 2012; Wan et al., 2014) and this relationship is influenced by types and their spatial patterns land use.
Landscape metrics have been used since 1980s to determine the degree of heterogeneity of spatial and landscape structure, including composition and configuration. Three features of the landscape are structure, composition and configuration based on landscape ecology (Amiri et al., 2016; Forman and Godron, 1986), which can be measured and analyzed based on the specific landscape metrics (Rutledge, 2003). Landscape structure has a great influence on the flow of nutrients at the catchment area (Amiri and Nakane 2009; Turner and Rabalais 2003). Due to the fact that non-point pollution has contributed to water pollution, the effect of non-point sources due to the change in landscape patterns is very important (Basnyat et al. 1999; Bhaduri, 2000). Moreover, landscape shows spatial heterogeneity of specific basin, and different patterns can be observed at various scales (Herold et al., 2005). A better understanding of the relationship between landscape metrics and water quality indicators can increase efforts in water management and research (Kearns et al., 2005).

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Rivers water quality
  • Landscape metrics
  • Landscape Structure
  • Land use
  • Multivariate Linear regression
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