ارزیابی آسیب پذیری اتاق کنترل بتن مسلح ضد انفجار در تأسیسات پالایشگاهی به روش همبسته اویلری- لاگرانژی

نوع مقاله : مقاله کامل پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه عمران، دانشکده فنی و مهندسی، دانشگاه هرمزگان، بندرعباس

2 گروه عمران، دانشکده فنی و مهندسی، دانشگاه آزاد، بندرعباس

چکیده

اتاق کنترل محلی است که به­ عنوان یک مرکز عملیات، فرایندهای تولید در آن، پایش و کنترل می ­شوند. در طراحی اتاق­ های کنترل دو فاکتور اصلی باید در نظر گرفته شود. اولین فاکتور، حفاظت ساختمان اتاق کنترل در برابر خطرات احتمالی و دومین فاکتور، جانمایی اتاق کنترل و ترتیب پانل ­ها، جهت اطمینان از عملکرد مؤثر و ارگونومیک آن در شرایط نرمال و اضطراری می ­باشد که بایستی به­ گونه­ ای طراحی گردد که خطر وارده به ساکنین اتاق کنترل در حد قابل­ قبول بوده و جهت اهداف نگهداری و حفاظت واحد مناسب باشد. همچنین با توجه به مرتبط بودن سایر واحد­های پالایشگاهی با اتاق کنترل، ضررویست تمهیداتی ضد انفجاری برای این اتاق در نظر گرفته شود. در این پژوهش چهار تیپ ستون بتنی و چهار مدل دیوار خارجی اتاق کنترل برای انفجار یک بمب 250 کیلوگرمی در فاصله 10 متر بر اساس مقررات پناهگاه سوئد طراحی شده و سپس در برابر انفجارهای 4000، 6000 و 8000 کیلوگرمی در فاصله اطمینان 40 متر به ­روش همبسته اویلری- لاگرانژی (Eulerian-Lagrangian coupling) مورد بررسی قرار­ گرفته است. نتایج حاکی از آن است که روش طراحی انفجار یک عضو بر­اساس مقدار250 کیلوگرم ماده منفجره در فاصله سرد 10 متر بر­اساس مقررات پناهگاه سوئد یا طراحی بر اساس فشار انفجار مشخص به­ دلیل نادیده گرفتن اثرات زمان و ضربه انفجار محافظه کارانه نیست. بنابراین طراحی باید بر مبنای عملکرد کلی سازه بر اساس مجموعه ­ای از انفجارهای مختلف در فاصله دور و نزدیک صورت گیرد. همچنین با مقاوم ­سازی عناصر سازه ­ای با الیاف GFRP، سطح عملکرد مورد نیاز براساس آیین­ نامه ASCE برای استفاده بی­ وقفه، LS-1 به ­دست می ­آید.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Vulnerability Assessment of Blast-Resistant RC Control Room In Refinery Facilities by Eulerian-Lagrangian Coupling Method

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammad Reza Mohammadizadeh 1
  • Mohammad Alikhan Mohammadi 2
1 Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Hormozgan, Bandar Abbas, Iran
2 Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Hormozgan, Bandar Abbas, Iran
چکیده [English]

A control room is a place where, as a center of operations in the petrochemical industry, production processes are monitored and controlled. Two main factors must be considered in the design of control rooms. The first factor is the protection of the control room building against possible hazards and the second factor is the location of the control room and the arrangement of the panels, to ensure the effective and ergonomic operation of the control room in normal and emergency conditions, which must be designed in such a way that the danger to the residents of the control room is acceptable and be suitable for the maintenance and protection of the unit (ASCE, 2010; Association, 2014). One of the regulations for the design of blast-resistant structures is the Swedish shelter regulations, which are derived from the examination of structures destroyed in the second world war (Ekengren and räddningsverk, 1994). The Swedish Shelter Regulations regulate the design of civil defense shelters in Sweden and include the requirements specified for these protection structures. Civilian defense shelters are designed not only to withstand the effects of conventional weapons, but also to withstand radioactive radiation, chemical and biological warfare, and gases explosion. By considering these requirements, shelters should be designed with minimal risk of death or injury to those in need of shelter, and be able to withstand the effects of the shockwave generated by a 250-kg bomb at a distance of 10 meters. Also, the requirements of proper design and retrofitting of existing structures against explosion can significantly reduce costs. In view of the above, the analysis and design of refinery structures against explosion loads and the strengthening of their members has great importance. Long-distance explosions and loading of structural elements also include phenomena that are not yet well understood. In order to increase knowledge in this field, a numerical study is currently presented. For this purpose, in this study, four types of concrete columns and four models of exterior wall for the control room were designed according to Swedish regulations to withstand the pressure of an explosion of a 250kg TNT at a distance of 10 meters and then against explosions of 6000, 4000 and 8000 kilograms at a safety distance of 40 meters is evaluated by the Eulerian-Lagrangian coupling method in Autodyn software. Response limit-state are selected according to the ASCE standard (ASCE, 2010).

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Control Room
  • Refinery
  • Explosion
  • Eulerian-Lagrangian
  • Vulnerability

مراجع

Alsayed SH, Elsanadedy HM, Al-Zaheri ZM, Al-Salloum, YA, Abbas H, “Blast response of GFRP-strengthened infill masonry walls”, Construction and building materials, 2016, 115, 438-451. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2016.04.053.
Altunışık AC, Önalan F, Sunca F, “Effects of Concrete Strength and Openings in Infill Walls on Blasting Responses of RC Buildings Subjected to TNT Explosive”, Iranian Journal of Science and Technology, Transactions of Civil Engineering, 2021, 1-30. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40996-020-00563-x.
ANSYS Theory manual. ANSYS. Inc. Southpointe, PA, USA. Mollaei S, 2019.
ASCE, T.C. on B.-R.D. of the P.C. of the E.D. of, Design of blast-resistant buildings in petrochemical facilities, American Society of Civil Engineers, 2010.
Biglarkhani M, Sadeghi K, “Incremental explosive analysis and its application to performance-based assessment of stiffened and unstiffened cylindrical shells subjected to underwater explosion”, Shock and Vibration, 2017. https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/3754510.
Cadoni E, Forni D, Gieleta R, Kruszka L, “Tensile and compressive behaviour of S355 mild steel in a wide range of strain rates”, The European Physical Journal Special Topics, 2018, 227 (1), 29-43. https://doi.org/10.1140/epjst/e2018-00113-4.
Ekengren B, Räddningsverk SS, “Shelter regulations: SR -English edition”, Statens räddningsverk, 1994.
Forni D, Chiaia B, Cadoni E, “Blast effects on steel columns under fire conditions”, Journal of Constructional Steel Research, 2017, 136, 1-10. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2017.04.012.
Forni D, Chiaia B, Cadoni E, “High strain rate response of S355 at high temperatures”, Materials & Design. 2016, 94, 467-478. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2015.12.160.
Larcher M, Casadei F, Solomos G, “Simulation of blast waves by using mapping technology in EUROPLEXUS”, Technical Note, PUBSY No. JRC91102, EUR Report, 26735. https://doi.org/ 10.2788/98310
Lee E, Finger M, Collins W, “JWL equation of state coefficients for high explosives (No. UCID-16189)”, Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States), 1973.
Li Y, Chen Z, Ren X, Tao R, Gao R, Fang D, “Experimental and numerical study on damage mode of RC slabs under combined blast and fragment loading”, International Journal of Impact Engineering, 2020, 142, 103579. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2020.103579.
Li ZX, Zhang X, Shi Y, Wu C, Li J, “Finite element modeling of FRP retrofitted RC column against blast loading”, Composite Structures, 2021, 263, 113727. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2021.113727.
Luccioni B, Ambrosini D, Danesi R, “Blast load assessment using hydrocodes”, Engineering Structures, 2006, 28 (12), 1736-1744. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2006.02.016.
Mollaei S, Babaei M, JalilKhani M, “Assessment of damage and residual load capacity of the normal and retrofitted rc columns against the impact loading”, Journal of Rehabilitation in Civil Engineering, 2021, 9 (1), 29-51. https://doi.org/10.22075/JRCE.2020.20000.1394.
National Building Regulations of Iran (Topic 21) Passive Defense, 2016, Tehran.
Razaqpur AG, Tolba A, Contestabile E, “Blast loading response of reinforced concrete panels reinforced with externally bonded GFRP laminates”, Composites Part B: Engineering, 2007, 38 (5-6), 535-546. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2006.06.016.
Shi Y, Hao H, Li ZX, “Numerical derivation of pressure-impulse diagrams for prediction of RC column damage to blast loads”, International Journal of Impact Engineering, 2008, 35 (11), 1213-1227. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2007.09.001.
Siba F, “Near-field explosion effects on reinforced concrete columns”, An experimental investigation, Master Thesis, Carleton University, 2014.  https://doi.org/10.22215/etd/2014-10573.
US Department of Defense, “Structures to resist the effects of accidental explosions”, 2008, UFC 3-340-02.
Wu J, Zhou Y, Zhang R, Liu C, Zhang Z, “Numerical simulation of reinforced concrete slab subjected to blast loading and the structural damage assessment”, Engineering Failure Analysis, 2020, 118, 104926.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engfailanal.2020.104926.
Yan Q, Liu C, Wu J, Wu J, Zhuang T, “Experimental and numerical investigation of reinforced concrete pile subjected to near-field non-contact underwater explosion”, International Journal of Structural Stability and Dynamics, 2020, 20, 2040003. https://doi.org/10.1142/S0219455420400027.
Zhang F, Wu C, Wang H, Zhou Y, “Numerical simulation of concrete filled steel tube columns against BLAST loads”, Thin-Walled Structures, 2015, 92, 82-92. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tws.2015.02.020.
Zukas JA, Walters WP, “Explosive effects and applications”, Springer Science & Business Media, 2002.
نشریه مهندسی عمران و محیط زیست دانشگاه تبریز
دوره 53.4، شماره 113 - شماره پیاپی 113
زمستان 1402
اسفند 1402
صفحه 138-151

فایل ها

هم رسانی

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار