مطالعه اثر سقف کامپوزیت در کنترل تخریب پیش رونده ساختمان‌های قاب خمشی فولادی

نوع مقاله : مقاله کامل پژوهشی

نویسندگان

دانشکده مهندسی عمران، دانشگاه علم و صنعت ایران

چکیده

تخریب پیش­رونده عموماً با تخریب تصادفی یکی از اعضای اصلی ساختمان مانند ستون یا دیوار باربر شروع می‌شود و با ایجاد بار افزون در اعضا و اتصالات متصل به عضو تخریب‌شده باعث گسترش خرابی در کل سازه می‌شود. سقف کامپوزیت‌ ساختمان‌ها می‎تواند نقش مؤثری در کنترل تخریب‌های محتمل سازه‌ای داشته ‌باشد. سقف کامپوزیت‎ بارهای کف طبقات را به اعضای اصلی سازه منتقل می‌کند و همچنین هنگام زلزله نقش یکپارچه‌سازی را در تغییر مکان جانبی هر طبقه دارد، به‌طوری‌که می‌توان حرکت افقی این اعضا را به‌صورت یک جسم صلب در نظر گرفت. هنگام تخریب پیش­رونده نیز این اعضا می‌توانند تا حدی کار یکپارچه‌سازی طبقات را انجام دهند و از تغییر شکل‌های زیاد طبقات جلوگیری کنند. در این مطالعه، با مدل‎سازی سناریوهای مختلف حذف ستون، رفتار سازه ‎ 3 طبقه در مقابل تخریب پیش­رونده بررسی شد. درمجموع، 5 سناریوی حذف تک‌ستون و 10 سناریوی حذف جفت ستون در نظر گرفته ‌شده است. سازه موردمطالعه از نوع قاب خمشی فولادی با شکل‌پذیری متوسط است. مدل‎سازی سه‌بعدی به روش اجزا محدود در نرم‌افزار ABAQUS انجام شد. هر دو نوع رفتار غیرخطی هندسی و مصالح در مدل‎سازی‎ها لحاظ شد. برای مدل‎سازی سقف کامپوزیت، سختی و مقاومت معادل آن‌ها در جهت قائم محاسبه و لحاظ شد. نشان داده شد که سختی معادل سقف کامپوزیت در چشمه‎های گوشه کم­تر از چشمه‎های میانی و پیرامونی است. بر اساس نتایج به‌دست‌آمده، در نظر گرفتن سقف کامپوزیت در مدل‎سازی‎ها تأثیر بسزایی در تخمین صحیح رفتار سازه در مقابل تخریب پیش‎رونده دارد. در این تحقیق مدل ساده‎ای برای لحاظ اثر مقاومت و سختی سقف کامپوزیت، به‌صورت یک فنر دوخطی در محل اتصالات تیر و ستون در قاب‌های خمشی پیشنهاد شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Composite Floors on Progressive Collapse Control in the Steel Moment Frame Structures

نویسندگان [English]

  • Vahid Broujerdian
  • Gholamreza Ghodrati Amiri
  • Esmaeil Mohammadi Dehcheshmeh
Structural Engineering Department, School of Civil Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Iran
چکیده [English]

According to ASCE 7 (2016), Progressive collapse is described as the distribution of an initial local failure from element to element, resulting finally in the collapse of an entire structure or an extremely large part of it. Now, it has become evident that abnormal loads need to be considered in the design of structures to prevent progressive collapse. Building collapse such as Ronan Point, Alfred P. Murrah, and World Trade Center have shown the catastrophic nature of the progressive collapse, and with an increasing trend towards more terrorist action in the future, it is clear that structural design must include progressive collapse (Starossek, 2018). 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Progressive collapse
  • Non- linear dynamic analysis
  • Steel moment frame
  • Alternate load path method
  • Composite floor
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