بررسی اثر هم زمانی بارهای لرزه‌ای و انفجاری در قاب‌های بتن مسلح

نوع مقاله : مقاله کامل پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه مهندسی عمران، دانشگاه بناب، آذربایجان شرقی

10.22034/ceej.2024.61249.2348

چکیده

زلزله و انفجار ازجمله نیروهای دینامیکی مهم می ­باشند که می‌توانند موجب ایجاد خرابی ­های شدید در سازه شوند. انفجار تأسیسات الکتریکی و مکانیکی موجود در ساختمان­ ها پس از وقوع زلزله و یا بالعکس، ایجاد زمین‌لرزه‌های القایی در پی انفجارهای مهیب زیرزمینی، اهمیت بررسی اثر هم ­زمانی بارهای لرزه­ای و انفجاری را نشان می­دهد. با این وجود، توجه به تفاوت ماهیتی بارهای انفجار و زلزله و مشکلات مربوط به آزمایش‌های عملی و یا حتی مدل­ سازی هم­ زمانی این دو حالت، موجب شده تحقیقات در این زمینه بسیار اندک باشد. در این پژوهش با استفاده از حلگر صریح نرم ­افزار اجزای محدود ABAQUS یک قاب بتن مسلح تحت سناریوهای مختلف هم ­زمانی بار زلزله و انفجار تحلیل گردید. این سناریوها شامل حالات مختلفی از انفجار قبل از و یا در حین زلزله، راستای اثر متعامد یا موازی زلزله و انفجار و انفجار در وجه روبه­ رو، جانبی و یا داخل قاب بود. مهم‌ترین یافته‌ها نشان داد که در هر سه حالت انفجار روبه ­روی قاب، انفجار جانبی و انفجار داخلی در شرایط بارگذاری زلزله و انفجار متعامد نسبت به بارگذاری هم‌راستا، آسیب بیشتری به سازه وارد گردید. تحت سناریوهای انفجار در مقابل سازه، جابه ­جایی طبقات بیشتر به بار انفجار وابسته بوده و بار زلزله نقش تعیین کننده­ای نداشته است. به طوری که حداکثر جابه ­جایی در قابل حدود 22 میلی­متر در هر دو حالت انفجار قبل از زلزله و انفجار و زلزله هم ­زمان یکسان بوده است. آسیب‌های ناشی از وقوع انفجار در وجه روبه ­رویی قاب عمدتاً متوجه ستون‌ها و پای ستون، آسیب‌های ناشی از انفجار جانبی متوجه تیرها و در نهایت، آسیب‌های ناشی از انفجار داخلی متوجه تیرها و ستون‌هایی بود که بر محل قرارگیری ماده منفجره محیط بودند. سناریوهایی که در آن­ ها انفجار در طی جنبش نیرومند زمین‌لرزه اتفاق می‌افتاد، نسبت به حالت انفجار قبل از زلزله، بحرانی ­تر بوده و آسیب بیشتری به سازه وارد می‌کرد. همچنین، در حالت انفجار داخلی، با وجود مقدار بسیار کمتر وزن خرج انفجاری (13 کیلوگرم) در قیاس با دو حالت انفجار روبه ­رویی و جانبی، آسیب ­های شدید و گسترده در دهانه میانی طبقه اول و همچنین سایر قسمت‌های سازه مشاهده می‌شود. در نتیجه، بحرانی‌ترین حالت بارگذاری مربوط به انفجار داخلی باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigation of the Simultaneous Effects of Seismic and Explosive Loading in RC Frames

نویسندگان [English]

  • Gholamreza Ostadi-Asl
  • Somayeh Mollaei
  • Ali Shah Mohammadi
Department of Civil Engineering, University of Bonab, Bona, East Azerbaijan, Iran
چکیده [English]

In this research, a two-dimensional three-spanned RC frame with three floors (one-third scaled model) was modeled and analyzed using ABAQUS/Explicit finite element software. Twelve different scenarios of concurrent earthquake and blast loads were considered and the most critical state was identified here. The important variables of the models included the explosion before or during the earthquake, blast loading orthogonal to or align with the earthquake direction, and the location of the explosion center located in the front face, side face, or inside the frame.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • RC frame
  • Seismic load
  • Blast loading
  • Simultaneous loads
  • ABAQUS
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