Laboratory Modeling of a Spread Footing on Sand Reinforced by Strips of Carbon Fiber Reinforcement

نوع مقاله : مقاله کامل پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه مهندسی عمران، دانشکده فنی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی

2 گروه مهندسی عمران، دانشکده فنی، دانشگاه بناب

چکیده

The bearing capacity of a square footing on sand reinforced by carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) was investigated in the laboratory. A sand box with dimensions of 100×100×90cm was utilized as the test bed for experiments. A 20×20×2cm steel plate was employed to simulate the square footing. The sand was reinforced using 2cm width carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) strips with different numbers of strips, lengths, and depths. The effect of the horizontal distances between CFRP strips and chemical treatment of the interface of the CFRP and sand on the bearing capacity of the footing were investigated. The results of these tests indicated that with the same number of reinforcement strips, placing the reinforcement strips close to the center of the footing increases the bearing capacity of the foundation. The bearing capacity of the foundation on sand reinforced with a single layer CFRP strips could be improved by 50% in optimal condition. Epoxy resin treatment of the interface of the sand and CFRP strips increased the bearing capacity of the foundation by an additional 11%.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Laboratory Modeling of a Spread Footing on Sand Reinforced by Strips of Carbon Fiber Reinforcement

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ahad Ouria 1
  • Hamid Sadeghpour 1
  • Ahmad Fahmi 2
1 Civil Engineering Department, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil 5619911367, Iran
2 Faculty of Engineering, University of Bonab, Bonab 5551395133, Iran
چکیده [English]

The bearing capacity of a square footing on sand reinforced by carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) was investigated in the laboratory. A sand box with dimensions of 100×100×90cm was utilized as the test bed for experiments. A 20×20×2cm steel plate was employed to simulate the square footing. The sand was reinforced using 2cm width carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) strips with different numbers of strips, lengths, and depths. The effect of the horizontal distances between CFRP strips and chemical treatment of the interface of the CFRP and sand on the bearing capacity of the footing were investigated. The results of these tests indicated that with the same number of reinforcement strips, placing the reinforcement strips close to the center of the footing increases the bearing capacity of the foundation. The bearing capacity of the foundation on sand reinforced with a single layer CFRP strips could be improved by 50% in optimal condition. Epoxy resin treatment of the interface of the sand and CFRP strips increased the bearing capacity of the foundation by an additional 11%.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Carbon fiber reinforcement strips
  • Reinforced soil
  • Bearing capacity
  • Spread footing
Abu-Farsakh M, Chen Q, Sharma R, “An experimental evaluation of the behavior of footings on geosynthetic-reinforced sand”, Soils and Foundations, Elsevier, 2013, 53 (2), 335-348. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sandf.2013.01.001
Altaee A, Fellenius BH, “Physical modeling in sand”, Canadian Geotechnical Journal, NRC Research Press, 1994, 31(3), 420–431. https://doi.org/10.1139/t94-049
Aria S, Kumar Shukla S, Mohyeddin A, “Numerical investigation of wraparound geotextile reinforcement technique for strengthening foundation soil”, International Journal of Geomechanics, 2019, 19 (4), 04019003. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)GM.1943-5622.0001361
ASTM C127-07. Standard test method for density (specific gravity), and absorption of coarse aggregate. ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2007. https://doi.org/10.1520/C0127-07
ASTM D2216-19. Standard Test Methods for Laboratory Determination of Water (Moisture) Content of Soil and Rock by Mass. ASTM International, 2010. https://doi.org/10.1520/D2216-19
ASTM D2487-17. Standard Practice for Classification of Soils for Engineering Purposes (Unified Soil Classification System). ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2017. https://doi.org/10.1520/D2487-17R25
ASTM D3039. Standard Test Method for Tensile Properties of Polymer Matrix Composite Materials. ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2017. https://doi.org/10.1520/D3039_D3039M-17
ASTM D3080-11. Standard test method for direct shear test of soils under consolidated drained conditions. ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2011. https://doi.org/10.1520/D3080_D3080M-23
Basudhar PK, Saha S, Deb K, “Circular footings resting on geotextile-reinforced sand bed”, Geotextiles and Geomembranes, 2007, 25 (6), 377-384. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geotexmem.2006.09.003
Chakraborty D, Kumar J, “Bearing capacity of circular footings on reinforced soils”, International Journal of Geomechanics, 2015, 15 (1), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)GM.1943-5622.0000343
Chen Q, Abu-Farsakh M, “Ultimate bearing capacity analysis of strip footings on reinforced soil foundation”, Soils and Foundations, Elsevier, 2015, 55 (1), 74-85. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sandf.2014.12.006
Chen Q, Hanandeh S, Abu-Farsakh M, Mohammad L, “Performance evaluation of full-scale geosynthetic reinforced flexible pavement”, Geosynthetics International, ICE Publishing, 2018, 25 (1), 26-36. https://doi.org/10.1680/jgein.17.00031
Cicek E, Guler E, Yetimoglu T, “Effect of reinforcement length for different geosynthetic reinforcements on strip footing on sand soil”, Soils and Foundations, Elsevier, 2015, 55 (4), 661-677. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sandf.2015.06.001
Dixit RK, Mandal JN, “Dimensional analysis and modelling laws for bearing capacity of reinforced and unreinforced soil”, Construction and Building Materials, 1993, 7 (4), 203-205. https://doi.org/10.1016/0950-0618(93)90003-U
Dixon N, Fowmes G, Frost M, “Global challenges, geosynthetic solutions and counting carbon”, Geosynthetics International, ICE Publishing, 2017, 24 (5), 451-464. https://doi.org/10.1680/jgein.17.00014
Fan K, Liu SH, Cheng YP, Wang Y, “Sliding stability analysis of a retaining wall constructed by soilbags”, Géotechnique Letters, ICE Publishing, 2019, 9 (3), 211-217. https://doi.org/10.1680/jgele.19.00002
Goodarzi S, Shahnazari H, “Strength enhancement of geotextile-reinforced carbonate sand”, Geotextiles and Geomembranes, Elsevier, 2019, 47 (2), 128-139. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geotexmem.2018.12.004
Guido VA, Chang DK, Sweeney MA, “Comparison of geogrid and geotextile reinforced earth slabs”, Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 1986, 23 (4), 435-440. https://doi.org/10.1139/t86-073
Hegde AM, Sitharam TG, “Geotextiles and Geomembranes Experimental and numerical studies on protection of buried pipelines and underground utilities using geocells”, Geotextiles and Geomembranes, Elsevier Ltd, 2015, 43 (5), 372-381. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geotexmem.2015.04.010
Hong-hu Z, Cheng-cheng Z, Chao-sheng T, Shi B, Bao-jun W, “Geotextiles and geomembranes modeling the pullout behavior of short fi ber in reinforced soil”, Geotextiles and Geomembranes, 2014, 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geotexmem.2014.05.005
Mosallanezhad M, Hataf N, Sadat Taghavi SH, “Experimental and large-scale field tests of grid-anchor system performance in increasing the ultimate bearing capacity of granular soils”, Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 2016, 53 (7), 1047-1058. https://doi.org/10.1139/cgj-2015-0590
Oliaei M, Kouzegaran S, “Efficiency of cellular geosynthetics for foundation reinforcement”, Geotextiles and Geomembranes, 2017, 45 (2), 11-22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geotexmem.2016.11.001
Ouria A, Emami S, Karamzadegan S, “Laboratory Investigation of the Effect of the Cement Treatment of Interface on the Pullout Capacity of Reinforcements”, Amirkabir Journal of Civil Engineering, 2021, 52 (11), 2831-2846. https://doi.org/10.22060/ceej.2019.16191.6149
Ouria A, Heidarly E, “Laboratory investigation of the effect of the geotextile placement pattern on the bearing capacity of footing on reinforced sand”, Modares Civil Engineering journal, 2021, 21 (3), 21-34. http://mcej.modares.ac.ir/article-16-42597-en.html
Ouria A, Karamzadegan S, Emami S, “Interface properties of a cement coated geocomposite”, Construction and Building Materials, 2021, 266, 121014. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.121014
Ouria A, Mahmoudi A, “Laboratory and numerical modeling of strip footing on geotextile-reinforced sand with cement-treated interface”, Geotextiles and Geomembranes, 2018, 46 (1), 29-39. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geotexmem.2017.09.003
Ouria A, Mahmoudi A, Sadeghpour H, “Effect of the geotextile arrangement on the bearing capacity of a strip footing”, International Journal of Geosynthetics and Ground Engineering, 2020, 6 (36). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40891-020-00219-w
Ouria A, Sadeghpour H, “Laboratory and numerical simulation of the effect of wraparound anchorage of reinforcements on the bearing capacity of spread footing”, Sharif Journal of Civil Engineering, 2022, 37.2(4.1), 93-104. https://doi.org/10.24200/j30.2021.57629.2922
Ouria A, Toufigh V, Desai C, Toufigh V, Saadatmanesh H, “Finite element analysis of a CFRP reinforced retaining wall”, Geomechanics and Engineering, 2016, 10 (6), 757-774. DOI: https://doi.org/10.12989/gae.2016.10.6.757
Roy SS, Deb K, “Bearing capacity of rectangular footings on multilayer geosynthetic-reinforced granular fill over soft soil”, International Journal of Geomechanics, 17 (9), 1-17. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)GM.1943-5622.0000959
Shukla SK, Yin JH, Fundamentals of Geosynthetic Engineering, CRC Press, 2006. https://doi.org/10.1201/9781482288445
Tafreshi SNM, Dawson AR, “Comparison of bearing capacity of a strip footing on sand with geocell and with planar forms of geotextile reinforcement”, Geotextiles and Geomembranes, Elsevier Ltd, 2010, 28 (1), 72-84. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geotexmem.2009.09.003
Toufigh V, Ouria A, Desai CS, Javid N, Toufigh V, Saadatmanesh H, “Interface behavior between carbon-fiber polymer and sand”, Journal of Testing and Evaluation, 2016, 44 (1), 385-390. https://doi.org/10.1520/JTE20140153
Toufigh V, Saeid F, Toufigh V, Ouria A, Desai CS, Saadatmanesh H, “Laboratory study of soil-CFRP interaction using pull-out test”, Geomechanics and Geoengineering, 2014, 9 (3), 208-214. https://doi.org/10.1080/17486025.2013.813650
Wood DM, Geotechnical Modelling, CRC Press, London, 2004. https://doi.org/10.1201/9781315273556
Xu H, Ren X, Chen JN, Liu CN, Xia L, Liu YW, “Centrifuge model tests of geogrid-reinforced slope supporting a high embankment”, Geosynthetics International, ICE Publishing, 2019, 26 (6), 629-640. https://doi.org/10.1680/jgein.19.00027
Xu Y, Williams DJ, Serati M, “Influence of anchorage angles on pull-out resistance of geotextile wrap around anchorage”, Geosynthetics International, 2018, 25 (4), 378-391. https://doi.org/10.1680/jgein.18.00022
Yang S, Leshchinsky B, Zhang F, Gao Y, “Required strength of geosynthetic in reinforced soil structures supporting spread footings in three dimensions”, Computers and Geotechnics, 2016, 78, 72-87. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compgeo.2016.04.010