تأثیر کربنات و کربنات‌زدائی بر راندمان رفع آلاینده سرب از کائولینیت کربنات‌دار در فرایند الکتروسینتیک با نگرش ویژه بر نتایج آزمایش پراش پرتو ایکس

نوع مقاله : مقاله کامل پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه عمران، دانشکده مهندسی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان

2 دانشکده مهندسی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان

چکیده

روش الکتروسینتیک یکی از روش‌های رفع آلودگی از خاک‌های آلوده به فلز سنگین است. از سوی دیگر، حضور کربنات در خاک‌ها موجب کاهش راندمان روش الکتروسینتیک می‌شود. هدف این پژوهش، مطالعه تأثیر میزان کربنات و کربنات‌زدائی بر افزایش راندمان رفع آلاینده فلز سنگین سرب از کائولینیت کربنات دار در فرایند الکتروسینتیک می‌باشد. در این راستا نمونه‌ی رسی کائولینیت حاوی 4% کربنات طبیعی انتخاب و تحت فرایند کربنات‌زدائی قرار گرفته‌است. سپس به منظور مطالعه نگهداشت آلاینده سرب در نمونه‌های کائولینیت حاوی درصدهای مختلف کربنات، آزمایش جذب بر روی نمونه‌های کائولینیت حاوی 4%، 2% و 0% کربنات که با غلظت‌های مختلف آلاینده سرب آلوده شدند، انجام گرفت. همچنین نمونه‌های کائولینیت فوق با غلظت cmol/kg-soil 10 آلاینده سرب تحت فرایند رفع آلودگی به روش الکتروسینتیک قرار گرفتند. به منظور بررسی صحت نتایج رفع آلودگی و بررسی تغییرات ریزساختاری، در کلیه مراحل، آزمایش جذب اتمی (AAS) و پراش پرتو ایکس (XRD) بر روی نمونه های مورد آزمایش شده انجام گرفت. بر اساس نتایج پژوهش حاضر، کاهش 4% کربنات منجر به تجمع آلاینده در قطعه نزدیک به کاتد (قطعه پنجم) و افزایش 162 درصدی بازده فرایند الکتروسینتیک شده و به لحاظ ریزساختاری نیز کاهش 32 درصدی در شدت قله نظیر کائولینیت مشاهده شده است. همچنین نتایج تحقیق حاضر نشان میدهد که سه عامل شامل مهاجرت آلاینده فلز سنگین به سمت قطب منفی (کاتد)، تغییرات pH و درصد رطوبت از عوامل اصلی در تعیین راندمان حذف آلاینده فلز سنگین از نمونه کائولینیت مورد مطالعه می‌باشند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Impact of Carbonate and Carbonate Elimination on the Efficiency of Pb Removal from Carbonated Kaolinite in Electrokinetics Process with Special Attention to the XRD Analysis

نویسندگان [English]

  • Vahid Reza Ouhadi 1
  • Omid Reza Bahadori Nezhad 2
1 Faculty of Civil Engineering, Bu- Ali Sina University
2 Faculty of Civil Engineering, Bu- Ali Sina University, Iran
چکیده [English]

Electrokinetics is one of the important methods for soil remediation. Due to workability of this method, it has widely being used for contaminant removal from fine grain soils. On the other hand, the presence of carbonate in clayey soils causes a reduction in the efficiency of electrokinetics method. On the fundamental of microstructural aspects of this method, there are only limited researches. Therefore, the main objective of this research is to investigate the impact of carbonate and carbonate elimination on the efficiency of Pb removal from carbonated kaolinite in electrokinetics process with special attention to the XRD analysis.
In electrokinetics experiments, natural kaolinite samples were air dried and passed through number #10 sieve. Then, kaolinite samples were mixed in 1:10 soil: electrolyte ratio with 10 cmol/kg-soil lead nitrate. Samples were kept for a week to achieve equilibrium. Then, they were compacted on the electrokinetics cell in 5 layers with similar density of 1.7 g/cm3. Finally, the electrokinetics experiments were performed. At the end of electrokinetics experiments, soil sample was removed from cell and was sliced in 5 sections. Each section was dried separately and was analyzed by AA and XRD experiments.
The results of this research show that for decarbonated kaolinite sample, a 162% increase in electrokinetics efficiency was observed. Base on the results of this research the efficiency of the electrokinetics method for heavy metal contaminant removal is a function of three factors which include heavy metal transformation towards cathode compartment, pH variations, and soil water content.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Electro-Osmosis
  • Electrokinetics Efficiency
  • Kaolinite
  • Basal Spacing
  • XRD

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