ارزیابی مدل هیدرولوژیکی بزرگ مقیاس VIC-3L برای شبیه‌سازی دبی رودخانه و تحلیل حساسیت آن در مقیاس‌های زمانی مختلف (مطالعه موردی: حوضه آبریز چالوس)

نوع مقاله : مقاله کامل پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه مهندسی آب، دانشکده فنی- مهندسی، دانشگاه بین‌المللی امام خمینی (ره)

چکیده

مدل­های هیدرولوژیکی بزرگ مقیاس به علت دارا بودن اساس فیزیکی و در نظر گرفتن عمده فرآیندهای تأثیرگذار در بیلان انرژی و آب حوضه، از قابلیت مناسبی جهت برآورد توزیع مکانی رطوبت و دمای خاک، میزان تبخیر و تعرق و جریان رودخانه­ای برخوردار می­باشند. یکی از پرکاربردترین مدل­هایی که در دهه­های اخیر مورد توجه بسیاری از محققین قرار گرفته گرفته است، مدل نیمه توزیعی VIC-3L می­باشد. هدف از تحقیق حاضر ارزیابی و تحلیل حساسیت مدل هیدرولوژیکی بزرگ مقیاس VIC-3L برای شبیه­سازی دبی رودخانه چالوس در مقیاس­های زمانی مختلف می­باشد. بررسی شاخص کارائی (نش- ساتکلیف) به دست آمده در مراحل واسنجی (84/0) و صحت­سنجی (74/0) حاکی از آن است که مدل مذکور از توانائی مناسبی جهت شبیه­سازی هیدروگراف جریان خروجی از حوضه آبریز رودخانه چالوس برخوردار می­باشد. همچنین تحلیل حساسیت مدل نسبت به پارامترهای ورودی نشان می­دهد که در مقیاس­های زمانی مختلف (روزانه، ماهانه و سالانه)، ترتیب پارامترهای تأثیرگذار متفاوت می­باشد. اما در یک نتیجه­گیری کلی می­توان چنین عنوان نمود که مهم­ترین پارامترهای تأثیرگذار بر عملکرد مدل VIC-3L، پارامترهای d2 (عمق لایه دوم خاک)، Ws (کسری از حداکثر رطوبت موجود در خاک) و Ds (کسری از حداکثر جریان زیرسطحی) می­باشند و پارامترهای دیگر از تأثیر کمتری برخوردار بوده و از آن­ها می­توان در طول فرآیند واسنجی صرف نظر نمود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluating and Sensitivity analysis of a macro scale hydrological model (VIC-3L) for simulation of stream flow at different time scales

نویسندگان [English]

  • Asghar Azizian
  • Alireza Shokoohi
Faculty of engineering and technology, University of Imam Khomeini International, Qazvin
چکیده [English]

Macro scale hydrological models, due to their physically based structure and consideration of most important process in energy and water balances, have high potential for illustrating the spatial distribution of soil moisture, soil temperature, evapotranspiration and stream flow. One of the most popular models that have been considered in recent decades is VIC-3L (Variable Infiltration Capacity) which is a semi distributed and macro scale model. This paper addresses the VIC-3L model in the Callous river basin which is located in the north of Iran. As a semi-distributed macroscale hydrological model, VIC-3L calculates the water and surface energy balances within each grid cell while captures the sub-grid variations statistically. Distinguished characteristics of this model include: subgrid variability in land surface vegetation classes; subgrid variability in soil moisture storage capacity; drainage from the lower soil moisture zone (base flow) as a nonlinear recession [1]. VIC uses a separate routing model based on a linear transfer function to simulate the streamflow [2, 3]. Since its existence, VIC has been well calibrated and validated in a number of large river basins over the continental US and other parts of the world. Applications using the VIC model cover a variety of research areas. The VIC-3L model, with a variety of updates, has been widely used in studies which ranging from water resources management to land-atmosphere interactions and climate change [4].

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Macro scale hydrological models
  • VIC-3L model
  • Sensitivity analysis
  • Nash-Sutcliffe Index

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نشریه مهندسی عمران و محیط زیست دانشگاه تبریز
دوره 47.2، شماره 87 - شماره پیاپی 87
تابستان 96
شهریور 1396
صفحه 39-52

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