نوع مقاله : مقاله کامل پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 استادیار دانشگاه شهیدمدنی آذربایجان – دانشکده فنی و مهندسی- گروه مهندسی عمران، تبریز، ایران. asadi@azaruniv.ac.ir
2 دانشجوی دکترای، مهندسی عمران -آب و سازههای هیدرولیکی-دانشگاه مراغه، مراغه، ایران
3 کارشناسی ارشد، مهندسی عمران -آب و سازههای هیدرولیکی- دانشگاه شهید مدنی آذربایجان، تبریز، ایران.
4 کارشناسی ارشد، مهندسی عمران -آب و سازههای هیدرولیکی- دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تبریز، ایران
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
Earth dams, due to their permeable nature, are susceptible to uncontrolled seepage, which can raise pore‑water pressure, reduce structural stability, and in extreme cases cause total dam failure. One of the most effective mitigation measures is the optimal design of drainage systems. In this study, a novel numerical approach is used to evaluate the impact of a 10 % increase in the dimensions of horizontal and vertical drains on the hydraulic performance and stability of the Aydoghmous earth dam. The numerical model was built with SEEP/W and solved the Laplace equation using the finite‑element method (FEM). Model validation employed field data from 51 piezometers in the dam body and 12 at the downstream toe. Mesh discretization used triangular elements (0.5 m in drains and 1 m elsewhere); upstream and downstream hydraulic heads were set to 66 m and 10 m, respectively. Two scenarios—original dimensions and a 10 % increase—were analyzed, and a genetic‑algorithm (GA) optimization routine was developed to automatically adjust drain sizes. Sensitivity analysis with ±5 % permeability variations raised model accuracy to 99 %, while ANOVA (p < 0.001) confirmed the statistical significance of the changes. Results show that enlarging the drains raises seepage flow by up to 20 % (from 0.15 m³/s to 0.18 m³/s), reduces downstream pore‑water pressure by 4.11 % (from 220 kPa to 195 kPa), and adjusts the hydraulic head by 3.5 % (from 65 m to 62.7 m).
کلیدواژهها [English]
)