Analysis of Longitudinal Wave Propagation in Functionally Graded Materials (FGMs) Using Wave Element Method

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Department of Civil Engineering, Marand Technical Faculty, University of Tabriz, Tabriz 5166616471, Iran

10.22034/ceej.2025.62180.2366

Abstract

This paper investigates the complex phenomenon of longitudinal wave propagation in functionally graded materials (FGMs). Unlike traditional homogeneous materials with constant properties, FGMs exhibit a continuous variation in properties across their structure. This inherent inhomogeneity presents unique challenges for analyzing wave propagation behavior. The study employs the wave element method, a powerful numerical technique commonly used for solving dynamic problems in complex structures. This method allows for the effective analysis of wave propagation in FGMs by incorporating the gradual variations in material properties along the length of the rod. The obtained results reveal significant differences in wave propagation between FGMs and homogeneous materials. In FGMs, wave characteristics like velocity, wavelength, and amplitude continuously vary along the material. This distinct behavior can be directly attributed to the inhomogeneity of material properties within the FGM. This finding underscores the importance of considering material property variations when analyzing wave propagation in FGMs compared to their homogeneous counterparts.

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Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript
Available Online from 12 January 2025

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