Thermo-mechanical behavior of uncemented and cemented sand-bentonite mixtures in elevated temperatures

Authors

School of Engineering, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

Thermo-mechanical behavior of clays has been investigated in the past two decades because of increased interest in using clay as a buffer material in nuclear waste barriers. Many of researchers studied the thermo-mechanical behavior of clays to estimate their performance as buffers for nuclear waste containers [1-4].
At present, sand-bentonite mixture is expected to be the most appropriate as a buffer material of high-level radioactive waste products when they are disposed in the deep ground resting place [5]. The dry density of pure clays can be as low as 1.3 Mg/m3 when compacted in situ; however, by mixing sand with the clay, the attainable dry density can be increased. Additions of sand can also be expected to decrease the creep potential of the material, increase the thermal conductivity and improve soil strength properties. Moreover, compacted clay-sand mixtures may possess lower hydraulic conductivities [6].
The soil around nuclear waste repositories are subjected to elevated temperatures and their features change in long time. So response of the soil to coupled effect of pressure and temperature has been studied with more accuracy in last decades. This research tries to check the thermo-mechanical behavior of saturated sand-bentonite mixture in different temperatures and confining stresses during triaxial tests.

Keywords

References

Abuel-Naga HM, Bergado DT, Bouazza A, Ramana GV, “Volume change behaviour of saturated clays under drained heating conditions: experimental results and constitutive modeling”, Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 2007, 44 (8), 942-956.
Abuel-Naga HM, Bergado DT, Ramana GV, Grino L, Rujivipat P, Thet Y, “Experimental evaluation of engineering behavior of soft Bangkok clay under elevated temperature”, Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, 2006, 132, 902-910.
ASTM, Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Soils and Rock Division, 1998.
Badv K, Aliashrafi H, “Laboratory Investigation of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Characteristics of Bentonite-Enhanced Sand Mixtures as Landfill LinerMaterial”, Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2015, 45, 13-23.
Burghignoli A, Desideri A, Miliziano S, “A laboratory study on the thermomechanical behaviour of clayey soils”, Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 2000, 37, 764-780.
Burland JB, Rampello S, Georgiannou VN, Calabresi G, “A laboratory study of the strength of four stiff clays”, Geotechnique, 1996, 46 (3), 491-514.
Cekerevac C, Laloui L, “Experimental study of thermal effects on the mechanical behaviour of a clay”, International Journal for Numerical Analytical Methods Geomechanics, 2004, 28, 209-228.
Cui YJ, Tang AM, “On the chemo-thermo-hydro-mechanical behavior of geological and engineered barriers”, Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, 2006, 5 (3), 169-178.
Di Donna A, Laloui L, “Response of soil subjected to thermal cyclic Loading: Experimental and constitutive study”, Engineering Geology, 2015, 190, 65-76.
Dixon DA, Gray MN, Thomas AW, “A study of the compaction properties of potential clay-sand buffer mixtures for use in nuclear fuel waste disposal”, Engineering Geology, 1985, 21, 247-255.
Haeri SM, Hamidi A, Tabatabaee N, “The effect of gypsum cementation on the mechanical behavior of gravely sands”, ASTM International, 2005, 28, 380-390.
Hamidi A, Amini Y, “Triaxial shear behavior of a cement-treated sand-gravel mixture”, Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, 2014, 6, 455-465.
Hamidi A, Haeri SM, “Critical state concepts for a cemented gravely sand”, Electronic Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2005, 1-12.
Hamidi A, Haeri SM, “Stiffness and deformation characteristics of a cemented gravely sand”, International Journal of Civil Engineerng, 2008, 6 (3), 159-173.
Hamidi A, Haeri SM, Hoseini SM, Asghari E, Toll GD, “Effect of Cement Type on the Mechanical Behavior of a Gravely Sand”, Geotechnical and Geological Engineering, 2006, 24, 335-360.
Hamidi A, Hooresfand M, “Effect of fiber reinforcement on triaxial shear behavior of cement treated sand”, Geotextiles and Geomembranes, 2013, 36, 1-9.
Hamidi A, Tourchi S, Kardooni F, “A critical state based thermo-elasto-plastic constitutive model for structured clays”, Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, 2017, 1094-1103.
Hamidi A, Tourchi S, Khazaei C, “A Thermomechanical constitutive model for saturated clays based on critical state theory”, International Journal of Geomechanics, 2015, 15, 1-14.
Horpibulsuk S, Liu MD, Liyanapathirana DS, Suebsuk J, “Behaviour of cemented clay simulated via the theoretical framework of the structured Cam Clay model”, Computers and Geotechnics, 2009, 37, 1-9.
Hueckel T, Pellegrini R, “Effective stress and water pressure in saturated clays during heating-cooling cycles”, Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 1992, 29, 1095-1102.
Kasama K, Ochiai H, Yasufuku N, “On the stress-strain behaviour of lightly cemented clay based on an extended critical state concept”, Soils and Foundations, 2000, 40 (5), 37-47.
Lingnau BE, Graham J, Tanaka N, “Isothermal modeling of sand-bentonite mixtures at elevated temperatures”, Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 1995, 32, 78-88.
Locat J, Tremblay H, Leroueil S, “Mechanical and hydraulic behaviour of a soft inorganic clay treated with lime”, Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 1996, 33, 654-669.
Marques MES, “Strain-rate and temperature effect on consolidation of natural clays”, M.Sc. thesis, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 1996.
Mitchell JK, “Shearing resistance of soils as a rate process”, Journal of the Soil Mechanics and Foundations Division, ASCE, 1964, 90, 29-61.
Pusch R, Guven N, “Electorn microscopic examination of hydrothermally treated bentonite clay”, Engineering Geology, 1990, 28, 303-314.
Rios S, Baudet BA, “On the shearing behaviour of an artificially cemented soil”, Acta Geotechnica, 2013, 9, 215-226.
Shariatmadari N, Saeidijam S, “The Effect of Elevated Temperature on Compressibility and Swelling of Bentonite-Sand Mixtures”, Electronic Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2011, 16, 137-146.
Tanaka N, Graham J, Crilly TN, “Stress-strain behavior of reconstituted illitic clay at different temperatures”, Engineering Geology, 1997, 47, 339-350.
Towhata I, Kuntiwattanakul P, Seko I, Ohishi K, “Volume change of clays induced by heating as observed in consolidation tests”, Soils and Foundations, 1993, 33, 170-183.
Uddin K, “Strength and deformation behavior of cement- treated Bangkok clay”, D.Eng. thesis, Asian Institute of Technology, Bangkok, 1995.

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics