Spatial Assessment of Risky and Safe Sites for Solid Waste Landfills (Case study: Isfahan Province, Iran)

Authors

1 Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Transportation, University of Isfahan, Iran

2 Department of Geomatics Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Transportation, University of Isfahan, Iran

Abstract

According to the estimations, about 80% of municipal and rural solid waste in Iran is disposed in landfills. This rate is similar to some countries like Greece or Croatia in Eastern Europe. However, there is a pivotal tendency, particularly among industrialized and developed countries like Germany, Japan, Belgium and Netherlands, to reduce the rate of landfilling solid wastes less than 1% through the recycling, composting and reuse (EEA, 2016). The European Union has set 10% as its vision for limiting the rate of solid waste landfills by 2035. Despite the will of reducing solid waste landfills worldwide, its application is inevitable, particularly in developing countries like Iran. Therefore, spatial analysis and zoning safe areas is the primary step for protecting the environment against the pollutions in these sites.
In the last decade, there are quite numerous researches that aimed on optimizing the location of landfills through the combination of multi criteria decision making and spatial analysis tools, like geographic information systems (GIS) (Özkan et al. 2020; Şimşek and Alp, 2022). However, they were usually confined to a city area, used a few criteria, and emphasized to specific case studies. This conventional approach can highlight the locations where landfills might have the least environmental risks in a small scale. In addition, the accumulation of these researches can highlight some critical criteria and geographic layers. Although, we believe that in larger scales, optimizing the locations of landfills should be finalized by detailed quantified environmental impact assessment, like life cycle assessment (LCA) (Kumar et al. 2020). Prior to any technical decisions, a spatial survey is required to filter the risky regions for zoning landfills.
This study uses GIS tool with 70 layers and criteria to classify the large area of Isfahan province, centre Iran, into risky and safe zones. Accordingly, the status of existing 210 solid waste landfills, disposal stations, and facilities are checked based on national guidelines and regulations. Here, the states and cities with the highest environmental violations are highlighted.

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References

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Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering
Volume 54.2, Issue 115 - Serial Number 115
Summer of 2024
November 2024
Pages 25-34

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