Frames with masonry infills are the most common types of structures that are used to build structures in developing countries. The masonry infills effect mainly increases the initial stiffness and strength of reinforced concrete (RC) frame buildings. On the other hand, Window and door openings are an inevitable part of infills masonry for functional reasons. Observing the damage of past earthquakes shows that the damage of infills in the in-plane (IP) and the reduction of the contact surface between the infill and the surrounding frame lead to an increase in vulnerability in the out-of-plane (OoP). In this paper, the masonry infills with different dimensions opening (window and door) under three loads, which are: out-of-plane loading, out-of-plane loading after in-plane loading, in-plane loading after out-of-plane loading, have been evaluated by using the general finite element software, ABAQUS. Nonlinear pushover analyzes were conducted for each of the three loadings. Based on the available finite element results, analytical equations were proposed to obtain the reduction factor. The average stiffness reduction of the infill was calculated by considering the in-plane and out-of-plane interactions using a 30% stiffness reduction factor.
Ostad, D., & Shafaei, J. (2023). Investigating the seismic performance of masonry infills with opening and non-opening by considering the interaction of behavior in plane and out of the plane and providing the reduction factor of effective stiffness and ultimate strength. Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering, (), -. doi: 10.22034/ceej.2023.53972.2194
MLA
Delaram Ostad; Jalil Shafaei. "Investigating the seismic performance of masonry infills with opening and non-opening by considering the interaction of behavior in plane and out of the plane and providing the reduction factor of effective stiffness and ultimate strength". Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering, , , 2023, -. doi: 10.22034/ceej.2023.53972.2194
HARVARD
Ostad, D., Shafaei, J. (2023). 'Investigating the seismic performance of masonry infills with opening and non-opening by considering the interaction of behavior in plane and out of the plane and providing the reduction factor of effective stiffness and ultimate strength', Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering, (), pp. -. doi: 10.22034/ceej.2023.53972.2194
VANCOUVER
Ostad, D., Shafaei, J. Investigating the seismic performance of masonry infills with opening and non-opening by considering the interaction of behavior in plane and out of the plane and providing the reduction factor of effective stiffness and ultimate strength. Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2023; (): -. doi: 10.22034/ceej.2023.53972.2194
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