Numerical Analysis of Plastic Hinge Regions in RC Deep Beams under Concentrated and Distributed Loads

Authors

Department of Civil Engineering, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran

Abstract

Plastic hinge properties play a crucial role in predicting the nonlinear response of structural elements. The plastic hinge region of reinforced concrete normal beams has been previously studied experimentally and analytically. The main objective of this research is to evaluate the behavior of the plastic hinge region of reinforced concrete deep beams and its comparison with normal beams through finite element simulation. To do so, ten beams contain six deep beams, and four normal beams, under concentrated and uniformly distributed loading, are investigated. Lengths in the plastic hinge region involving curvature localization, rebar yielding, and concrete crushing zones are studied. The results indicate that the curvature localization zone is not suitable for the prediction of plastic hinge length in reinforced concrete deep beams. Based on the results it can be stated that in simply supported normal beams the concrete crushing zone is focused on the middle span, but in simply supported deep beams by creating a compression strut between loading place and support, the concrete crushing zone spreads along the compression trajectory. The rebar yielding zone of simply supported beams increases as the loading type is changed from the concentrated load at the middle to the uniformly distributed load.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

Abdel-Fattah B, Wight JK, "Study of moving beam plastic hinging zones for earthquake-resistant design of reinforced concrete buildings", Structural Journal, 1987, 84, 31-39.
Adinkrah-Appiah K, Adom-Asamoah M, "Characterization and Shear Strength Prediction of Reinforced Concrete Deep Beams-A Review, 2016.
Aguilar G, Matamoros AB, Parra-Montesinos G, Ramírez JA, Wight JK, "Experimental evaluation of design procedures for shear strength of deep reinfoced concrete beams", American Concrete Institute, 2002.
Abdel-Fattah B, Wight JK, "Study of moving beam plastic hinging zones for earthquake-resistant design of reinforced concrete buildings", Structural Journal, 1987, 84, 31-39. https://doi.org/10.14359/2767.
Adinkrah-Appiah K, Adom-Asamoah M, "Characterization and Shear Strength Prediction of Reinforced Concrete Deep Beams-A Review", International Journal of Science And Research, 2016, 5 (3), 1789-1798.
Aguilar G, Matamoros AB, Parra-Montesinos G, Ramírez JA, Wight JK, "Experimental evaluation of design procedures for shear strength of deep reinfoced concrete beams", American Concrete Institute, 2002.
Arabzadeh A, Aghayari R, Rahai A.R, "Investigation of experimental and analytical shear strength of reinforced concrete deep beams", International Journal of Civil Engineering, 2011, 207-214.
Baker AL, "The ultimate load theory applied to the design of reinforced & prestressed concrete frames", Concrete Publ. Lmd, 1956.
Chen H, Yi WJ, Hwang HJ, "Cracking strut-and-tie model for shear strength evaluation of reinforced concrete deep beams", Engineering Structures, 2018, 163, 396-408. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2018.02.077.
ACI committee 318, "Building code requirements for structural concrete", 2014.
Coleman J, Spacone E, "Localization issues in force-based frame elements", Journal of Structural Engineering, 2001, 127, 1257-1265. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2001)127:11(1257)
Corley WG, "Rotational capacity of reinforced concrete beams", Journal of the Structural Division, 1966, 92, 121-146. https://doi.org/10.1061/JSDEAG.0001504.
Demir A, Caglar N, Ozturk H, "Parameters affecting diagonal cracking behavior of reinforced concrete deep beams", Engineering Structures, 2019, 184, 217-231. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2019.01.090
Elmenshawi A, Brown T, El-Metwally S, "Plastic hinge length considering shear reversal in reinforced concrete elements", Journal of Earthquake Engineering, 2012. https://doi.org/10.1080/13632469.2011.597485
Ghazi-Nader D, Aghayari R, "Plastic hinge region in simply supported RC deep beams", Third International Conference and 7th National Conference on Civil Engineering Materials and Structures, Bu-Ali Sina University, Iran, 2018.
Hussein G, Sayed SH, Nasr NE, Mostafa AM, "Effect of loading and supporting area on shear strength and size effect of concrete deep beams", Ain Shams Engineering Journal, 2018, 9, 2823-2831. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asej.2017.11.002
Ibrahim MA, El Thakeb A, Mostfa AA, Kottb HA, "Proposed formula for design of deep beams with shear openings", HBRC Journal, 2018, 14, 450-465. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hbrcj.2018.06.001.
Kheyr AA, Naderpour H, "Plastic hinge rotation capacity of reinforced concrete beams", 2007.
Legeron F, Paultre P, "Behavior of high-strength concrete columns under cyclic flexure and constant axial load", Structural Journal, 2000, 97, 591-601. https://doi.org/10.14359/7425
López AM, Sosa PF, Senach JL, Prada MÁ, "Influence of the plastic hinge rotations on shear strength in continuous reinforced concrete beams with shear reinforcement", Engineering Structures, 2020, 207, 110242. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2020.110242
Ma C, Xie C, Tuohuti A, Duan Y, "Analysis of influencing factors on shear behavior of the reinforced concrete deep beams", Journal of Building Engineering, 2022, 45, 103383. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2021.103383.
Manual AU. version 6.8: Providence: Hibbit. Karlsson and Sorenson, 2008.
Mattock AH, "Discussion of Rotation Capacity of Reinforced Concrete Beams", Journal of Structual Division, 1967, 93, 519-522. https://doi.org/10.1061/JSDEAG.0001678.
Mohamed AR, Shoukry MS, Saeed JM, "Prediction of the behavior of reinforced concrete deep beams with web openings using the finite element method", Alexandria Engineering Journal, 2014, 53, 329-339. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aej.2014.03.001
Mohamed N, Farghaly AS, Benmokrane B, Neale KW, "Flexure and shear deformation of GFRP-reinforced shear walls", Journal of Composites for Construction, 2014, 18, 04013044. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)CC.1943-5614.0000444
Niranjan BR, Patil SS, "Analysis of RC deep beam by finite element method", International Journal of Modern Engineering Research (IJMER), 2012, 2, 4664-4667.
Panagiotakos TB, Fardis MN, "Deformations of reinforced concrete members at yielding and ultimate", Structural Journal, 2001, 98, 135-148. https://doi.org/10.14359/10181
Park R, Paulay T, "Reinforced concrete structures", John Wiley & Sons, 1991.
Paulay T, Priestley MN, "Seismic design of reinforced concrete and masonry buildings", 1992.
Pereira N, Romão X, "Damage localization length in RC frame components: Mechanical analysis and experimental observations", Engineering Structures, 2020, 221, 111026. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2020.111026
Pokhrel M, Bandelt MJ, "Plastic hinge behavior and rotation capacity in reinforced ductile concrete flexural members", Engineering Structures, 2019, 200, 109699. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2019.109699
Roy NC, Brena SF, "Behavior of deep beams with short longitudinal bar anchorages", ACI Structural Journal, 2008, 105, 460.
Herbert A, Sawyer JR, "Design of concrete frames for two failure stages", Special Publication, 1964, 12, 405-437. https://doi.org/10.14359/16726
Schlappal T, Kalliauer J, Vill M, Mang HA, Eberhardsteiner J, Pichler BL, "Ultimate limits of reinforced concrete hinges", Engineering Structures, 2020, 224, 110889. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2020.110889
Wang GL, Meng SP, "Modified strut-and-tie model for prestressed concrete deep beams", Engineering Structures, 2008, 30, 3489-3496. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2008.05.020
Yang KH, Chung HS, Lee ET, Eun HC, "Shear characteristics of high-strength concrete deep beams without shear reinforcements", Engineering structures, 2003, 25, 1343-1352. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0141-0296(03)00110-X
Zhao XM, Wu YF, Leung AY, "Analyses of plastic hinge regions in reinforced concrete beams under monotonic loading", Engineering Structures, 2012, 34, 466-482. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2011.10.016
Zhao X, Wu YF, Leung AY, Lam HF, "Plastic hinge length in reinforced concrete flexural members", Procedia Engineering, 2011, 14, 1266-1274. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2011.07.159.
Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering
Volume 53.2, Issue 111 - Serial Number 111
Summer 2023
August 2023
Pages 168-178

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics