University of Tabriz Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering 2008-7918 52 108 2022 11 22 Investigation of the behavior factor of Reinforced Concrete Moment Frame with concrete Voided slab constructed by Spherical and Cubic Balls Investigation of the behavior factor of Reinforced Concrete Moment Frame with concrete Voided slab constructed by Spherical and Cubic Balls 1 7 12759 10.22034/jcee.2021.35738.1854 FA Peyman Amiri Department of Civil Engineering, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran Seyyed Ali Seyyed Razzaghi Department of Civil Engineering, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran Journal Article 2019 09 26 In order to prevent damage caused by earthquakes in different types of structures including concrete structures, various methods are used by structural engineers considering terms of design and working conditions. This research aimed to evaluate the performance of these structures in different conditions and evaluate their impact on the structural behavior coefficient. For this purpose, ABAQUS finite element software has been utilized to model a concrete moment frame with one span in one floor equipped with simple concrete slab, spherical and cubic hollow slabs in different conditions. In order to prevent damage caused by earthquakes in different types of structures including concrete structures, various methods are used by structural engineers considering terms of design and working conditions. This research aimed to evaluate the performance of these structures in different conditions and evaluate their impact on the structural behavior coefficient. For this purpose, ABAQUS finite element software has been utilized to model a concrete moment frame with one span in one floor equipped with simple concrete slab, spherical and cubic hollow slabs in different conditions. https://ceej.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_12759_898631775cf4effe34066dd008275712.pdf

University of Tabriz Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering 2008-7918 52 108 2022 11 22 Investigation of Effect of the Middle Link Beam Construction Imperfection on the Behavior of Connection in Steel Moment Frames Investigation of Effect of the Middle Link Beam Construction Imperfection on the Behavior of Connection in Steel Moment Frames 9 20 12474 10.22034/jcee.2021.33614.1791 FA Masoud Hoseinzadeh Asl Faculty of Civil Engineering, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran Vahid Ghaffari Faculty of Civil Engineering , University of Tabriz Journal Article 2019 05 21 Geometric imperfections that occur due to the inevitable errors during the fabrication process or erection of structural members, may affect the performance of the steel structure. One of the most common and very efficient shop-welded and field bolted systems is the column-tree moment connection system. Sometimes, in the implementation of the moment-resisting frames with column-tree connections, the middle link beam length after the fabrication does not match with inserted dimension in shop drawing completely and a gap can be seen between the splice plates in beam to beam end-plate bolted splice connection, as shown in Fig. 1. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of different values of the construction imperfections of the middle link beam length on the behavior of column-tree connections. For this purpose, firstly, the effect of the middle link beam construction imperfection in three steel moment-resisting frames with different stories and bays are considered by using SAP2000 software and the values of internal forces in members are extracted. Secondly, non-linear behavior of three-dimensional models of single-sided beam-to-column connection from these frames are investigated by using ANSYS Workbench finite element software. Geometric imperfections that occur due to the inevitable errors during the fabrication process or erection of structural members, may affect the performance of the steel structure. One of the most common and very efficient shop-welded and field bolted systems is the column-tree moment connection system. Sometimes, in the implementation of the moment-resisting frames with column-tree connections, the middle link beam length after the fabrication does not match with inserted dimension in shop drawing completely and a gap can be seen between the splice plates in beam to beam end-plate bolted splice connection, as shown in Fig. 1. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of different values of the construction imperfections of the middle link beam length on the behavior of column-tree connections. For this purpose, firstly, the effect of the middle link beam construction imperfection in three steel moment-resisting frames with different stories and bays are considered by using SAP2000 software and the values of internal forces in members are extracted. Secondly, non-linear behavior of three-dimensional models of single-sided beam-to-column connection from these frames are investigated by using ANSYS Workbench finite element software. https://ceej.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_12474_eb70757c837a0bae9f20cd967db509cc.pdf

University of Tabriz Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering 2008-7918 52 108 2022 11 22 Removal of Phenol and Electricity Generation in Microbial Fuel Cell by Using Microbial Seeds from Wastewater of Oil Refinery Removal of Phenol and Electricity Generation in Microbial Fuel Cell by Using Microbial Seeds from Wastewater of Oil Refinery 21 27 12237 10.22034/jcee.2021.21619.1543 FA Ramazan Ali Dianati Tilaki Faculty of Health, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran Morteza Ghalenoei Faculty of Health, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran Ghasem Najafpour Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Noshrivani Universityof Technology, Babol, Iran Masoumeh Eslamifar Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Noshrivani Universityof Technology, Babol, Iran Journal Article 2017 07 23 Microbial fuel cells are an emerging technology that can convert biochemical energy into electrical energy. The driving force in these cells is the result of oxidation-reduction reactions of an organic substance in which microorganisms are used as biocatalysts. In these cells, the bacteria convert the biodegradable organic matter into electrical energy that is biodegradable. This can both treat wastewater and generate electricity. The main components of a microbial fuel cell are the anode, cathode, proton exchange membrane (PEM) and an electrical circuit. The bacterial population around the anode consumes the organic substrate as food and produces electrons and protons. Electrons are absorbed through the electron transfer chain at the anode surface and transferred to the cathode by an external electrical circuit, resulting in a measurable electric current.  The anode part is anaerobic and the cathode part is aerobic (Logan et al. 2006). In the effluents of oil refineries and petrochemicals, there is phenol and its derivatives that cause environmental pollution. On the other hand, in the wastewater treatment system of these industries, there are natural bacteria that cause the biological decomposition of phenolic compounds (Luo et al. 2009). According to the literature, research has been done to remove phenol in the microbial fuel cell, but none of them used the microbial seeds of a refinery wastewater treatment plant. By conducting this research, using this type of microbial seed, the decomposition of phenol and electricity produced in the microbial fuel cell was investigated. The purpose of this study was to determine the rate of decomposition of phenol and electricity produced in microbial fuel cells using microbial seeds obtained from wastewater treatment plants of oil refineries. Microbial fuel cells are an emerging technology that can convert biochemical energy into electrical energy. The driving force in these cells is the result of oxidation-reduction reactions of an organic substance in which microorganisms are used as biocatalysts. In these cells, the bacteria convert the biodegradable organic matter into electrical energy that is biodegradable. This can both treat wastewater and generate electricity. The main components of a microbial fuel cell are the anode, cathode, proton exchange membrane (PEM) and an electrical circuit. The bacterial population around the anode consumes the organic substrate as food and produces electrons and protons. Electrons are absorbed through the electron transfer chain at the anode surface and transferred to the cathode by an external electrical circuit, resulting in a measurable electric current.  The anode part is anaerobic and the cathode part is aerobic (Logan et al. 2006). In the effluents of oil refineries and petrochemicals, there is phenol and its derivatives that cause environmental pollution. On the other hand, in the wastewater treatment system of these industries, there are natural bacteria that cause the biological decomposition of phenolic compounds (Luo et al. 2009). According to the literature, research has been done to remove phenol in the microbial fuel cell, but none of them used the microbial seeds of a refinery wastewater treatment plant. By conducting this research, using this type of microbial seed, the decomposition of phenol and electricity produced in the microbial fuel cell was investigated. The purpose of this study was to determine the rate of decomposition of phenol and electricity produced in microbial fuel cells using microbial seeds obtained from wastewater treatment plants of oil refineries. https://ceej.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_12237_fcb833b7059b15b5d5074e9d8942557c.pdf

University of Tabriz Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering 2008-7918 52 108 2022 11 22 Evaluation of Electromigration Mechanism of Heavy Metal from Marine Sediments by Microbial Electrokinetic Cell Evaluation of Electromigration Mechanism of Heavy Metal from Marine Sediments by Microbial Electrokinetic Cell 29 37 10638 10.22034/jcee.2020.10638 FA Marzie Razavi Faculty of Civil Engineering, Afarinesh Institute of Higher Education, Borujerd, Iran Daryoush Yousefi Kebria Faculty of Civil Engineering, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology, Babol, Iran Atiyeh Ebrahimi Faculty of Civil Engineering, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology, Babol, Iran Journal Article 2020 01 06 Electrokinetic remediation is one of the methods for cleaning of soil and sediments (Rozas and Castellote, 2012). In this case, by applying a weak electric field using the external power supply, the pollutants are separated from the soil or sediment by various mechanisms, especially electrical migration. But due to the cost of supplying electricity, it is not affordable (Acar et al., 1995). On the other hand, in the microbial fuel cells, bacteria release electrons by consuming organic matter and producing electric current. Therefore, in this study, microbial fuel cells process with three different electrodes at the anode and combination with granular activated carbon was used to produce green weak electric field. Based on the electrical migration mechanism, the removal rate of hexavalent chromium from marine sediments was evaluated by combining three physical, chemical and biological processes. Electrokinetic remediation is one of the methods for cleaning of soil and sediments (Rozas and Castellote, 2012). In this case, by applying a weak electric field using the external power supply, the pollutants are separated from the soil or sediment by various mechanisms, especially electrical migration. But due to the cost of supplying electricity, it is not affordable (Acar et al., 1995). On the other hand, in the microbial fuel cells, bacteria release electrons by consuming organic matter and producing electric current. Therefore, in this study, microbial fuel cells process with three different electrodes at the anode and combination with granular activated carbon was used to produce green weak electric field. Based on the electrical migration mechanism, the removal rate of hexavalent chromium from marine sediments was evaluated by combining three physical, chemical and biological processes. https://ceej.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_10638_fa6307b4481a2efbe4217045b4f4cbb7.pdf

University of Tabriz Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering 2008-7918 52 108 2022 11 22 Elite Particles Method in Discrete Metaheuristic Optimization of Structures Elite Particles Method in Discrete Metaheuristic Optimization of Structures 39 48 9479 10.22034/jcee.2019.9479 FA Reza Sojoudizadeh Department of Civil Engineering, Mahabad Branch, Islamic Azad university, Mahabad, Iran Saeed Gholizadeh Faculty of Civil Engineering, University of Urmia, Urmia, Iran Journal Article 2019 05 18 One of the main concerns in optimization methods is reduction the number of function evaluation which is mentioned in many studies like (Gholizadeh et al, 2018).The present study focuses on a method and series of actions designed to achieve the answer with the aim of minimization the total number of analysis; and so the time; needed for global and local search. Although the suggested elite particles method (EPM) can be used for any population based optimization method, but here it is applied to one of the fundamental and widely developed metaheuristic algorithms; namely particle swarm optimization (Eberhart et al, 1995) to handle the truss structures optimization with discrete design variables. As the original version of the assumed method suffers from the slow convergence rate; specially when dealing with the discrete optimization problems; the elite particles modification algorithm; which can be used in almost all population based metaheuristic optimization methods; will be implemented for that method. Here the elite particles method is attached with the particle swarm optimization method and the gained metaheuristic algorithm is named modified particle swarm optimization (MPSO). MPSO utilizes two computational strategies named ‘Regeneration’ and ‘Mutation’. One of the main concerns in optimization methods is reduction the number of function evaluation which is mentioned in many studies like (Gholizadeh et al, 2018).The present study focuses on a method and series of actions designed to achieve the answer with the aim of minimization the total number of analysis; and so the time; needed for global and local search. Although the suggested elite particles method (EPM) can be used for any population based optimization method, but here it is applied to one of the fundamental and widely developed metaheuristic algorithms; namely particle swarm optimization (Eberhart et al, 1995) to handle the truss structures optimization with discrete design variables. As the original version of the assumed method suffers from the slow convergence rate; specially when dealing with the discrete optimization problems; the elite particles modification algorithm; which can be used in almost all population based metaheuristic optimization methods; will be implemented for that method. Here the elite particles method is attached with the particle swarm optimization method and the gained metaheuristic algorithm is named modified particle swarm optimization (MPSO). MPSO utilizes two computational strategies named ‘Regeneration’ and ‘Mutation’. https://ceej.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_9479_eb0dbd305e1add67c32d02a82f069ab2.pdf

University of Tabriz Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering 2008-7918 52 108 2022 11 22 An Investigation into the Economical, Environmental and Durability of Structural Fiber Lightweight Concrete An Investigation into the Economical, Environmental and Durability of Structural Fiber Lightweight Concrete 49 59 12757 10.22034/jcee.2021.36309.1868 FA Seyed Mehdi Rangraz Department of Civil Engineering Architecture and Art, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran Behnod Barmayehvar Department of Architecture and Urban Planning, University of Art, Tehran, Iran Majid Safehian Department of Civil Engineering Architecture and Art, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran Journal Article 2019 10 26     <br />     In order to reduce dead loads of structures in earthquake prone areas such as Iran, lightweight concretes have several advantages which could be used as a substitution of ordinary concretes. One of the challenges in construction industry is producing an economical and environmental structures which could be able to fulfil requirements of structural and durability properties both. Thus, this industry needs a sustainability evaluation to find sustainable materials in engineering, environmental and economical aspects which this is one of the keys to achieving sustainable development. The main purpose of this research is to investigate economical, environmental and durability properties of lightweight concretes and fiber reinforced lightweight concretes and compare them with ordinary concretes.     <br />     In order to reduce dead loads of structures in earthquake prone areas such as Iran, lightweight concretes have several advantages which could be used as a substitution of ordinary concretes. One of the challenges in construction industry is producing an economical and environmental structures which could be able to fulfil requirements of structural and durability properties both. Thus, this industry needs a sustainability evaluation to find sustainable materials in engineering, environmental and economical aspects which this is one of the keys to achieving sustainable development. The main purpose of this research is to investigate economical, environmental and durability properties of lightweight concretes and fiber reinforced lightweight concretes and compare them with ordinary concretes. https://ceej.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_12757_8fa0a0bbc6778bd8618c763e8f679dbc.pdf

University of Tabriz Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering 2008-7918 52 108 2022 11 22 Development of an Orthotropic Model for Cyclic Behavior of Steel Shear Walls having Trapezoidal Corrugated Web Plate Development of an Orthotropic Model for Cyclic Behavior of Steel Shear Walls having Trapezoidal Corrugated Web Plate 61 75 12598 10.22034/jcee.2021.38007.1900 FA Mahsa Safarnourallah Department of Civil Engineering, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Iran Parham Memarzadeh Department of Civil Engineering, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Iran Journal Article 2020 01 20 Steel plate shear wall is a lateral force resisting system, of two types of stiffened and unstiffened. The manufacturing of the stiffened type is time-consuming, costly, and needs more supervision; because of many executive details. Steel plate shear wall with a corrugated web is a new system that has been considered as an alternative for all types of stiffened walls. Corrugated sheets have complex geometry and their modeling is difficult in existing conventional software. To overcome the complexity of the modeling of corrugated sheets, flat sheets with orthotropic material properties can be replaced instead of these sheets by the help of material mechanics science. This research aims to provide a specific process for calculating the mechanical properties of an alternative orthotropic flat sheet to the corrugated sheet, and to study the accuracy of the orthotropic model in predicting the monotonic and cyclic behavior of corrugated shear walls. For this purpose, the results of the analyses of the orthotropic and trapezoidal corrugated models of the steel plate shear wall with different characteristics of the waves are compared and the accuracy of the proposed method is examined. Finally, by studying the results of different models in Abacus, it was found that the proposed method was able to predict the monotonic and cyclic behavior of trapezoidal corrugated steel shear wall. Steel plate shear wall is a lateral force resisting system, of two types of stiffened and unstiffened. The manufacturing of the stiffened type is time-consuming, costly, and needs more supervision; because of many executive details. Steel plate shear wall with a corrugated web is a new system that has been considered as an alternative for all types of stiffened walls. Corrugated sheets have complex geometry and their modeling is difficult in existing conventional software. To overcome the complexity of the modeling of corrugated sheets, flat sheets with orthotropic material properties can be replaced instead of these sheets by the help of material mechanics science. This research aims to provide a specific process for calculating the mechanical properties of an alternative orthotropic flat sheet to the corrugated sheet, and to study the accuracy of the orthotropic model in predicting the monotonic and cyclic behavior of corrugated shear walls. For this purpose, the results of the analyses of the orthotropic and trapezoidal corrugated models of the steel plate shear wall with different characteristics of the waves are compared and the accuracy of the proposed method is examined. Finally, by studying the results of different models in Abacus, it was found that the proposed method was able to predict the monotonic and cyclic behavior of trapezoidal corrugated steel shear wall. https://ceej.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_12598_76d29d026f140fa91a6810f6ad0168b3.pdf

University of Tabriz Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering 2008-7918 52 108 2022 11 22 Study of the Emission of Volatile Organic Compounds from Gas Station in Tabriz City Study of the Emission of Volatile Organic Compounds from Gas Station in Tabriz City 77 92 12344 10.22034/jcee.2021.39010.1930 FA Asadollah Karimi Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran Esmaeil Mohamadkhanloo Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Sahand University of Technology, Tabriz, Iran Esmaeil Fatehifar Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Productivity and Sustainable Development Research Center, Sahand University of Technology, Tabriz, Iran Journal Article 2020 03 27 Air pollution is a serious threat to human health, wildlife, and the environment that the problem is now one of the most serious issues facing mankind. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are one of the most prominent air pollutants that are of particular importance due to their serious toxicants as carcinogens. Due to the harmful effects of VOC compounds on human health, adverse effects on plant degradation and global climate change, it is necessary to prevent their release into the air. The most important sources of VOCs in urban areas are traffic and transportation, gasoline vapors, solvent use and etc. The emissions of VOC from gas stations can be considered seriously. According to research, one of the major sources of VOC pollutants in cities is gas-fueling stations. These studies have been evaluated by many researchers around the world and the volatile organic compounds content is often above the reported international standards (Gonzalez et al, 2002; Kountouriotis et al, 2014, Hicklin et al, 2018).<br />In 2006, three different gas stations were measured, with results ranging from 512 to 1275 μg/m³ in New Delhi (Srivastav et al, 2006). In 2015, a study was carried out at six gas stations in Tehran that showed average concentrations in summer at 860 ppm and in winter at 434 ppm (Eisaei et al, 2015). In another study by Hicklin et al., Volatile organic compounds were distributed in gas stations using two models in Malta, which showed most gas stations were built in residential areas that exceed the standard level (Hicklin et al, 2018). Air pollution is a serious threat to human health, wildlife, and the environment that the problem is now one of the most serious issues facing mankind. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are one of the most prominent air pollutants that are of particular importance due to their serious toxicants as carcinogens. Due to the harmful effects of VOC compounds on human health, adverse effects on plant degradation and global climate change, it is necessary to prevent their release into the air. The most important sources of VOCs in urban areas are traffic and transportation, gasoline vapors, solvent use and etc. The emissions of VOC from gas stations can be considered seriously. According to research, one of the major sources of VOC pollutants in cities is gas-fueling stations. These studies have been evaluated by many researchers around the world and the volatile organic compounds content is often above the reported international standards (Gonzalez et al, 2002; Kountouriotis et al, 2014, Hicklin et al, 2018).<br />In 2006, three different gas stations were measured, with results ranging from 512 to 1275 μg/m³ in New Delhi (Srivastav et al, 2006). In 2015, a study was carried out at six gas stations in Tehran that showed average concentrations in summer at 860 ppm and in winter at 434 ppm (Eisaei et al, 2015). In another study by Hicklin et al., Volatile organic compounds were distributed in gas stations using two models in Malta, which showed most gas stations were built in residential areas that exceed the standard level (Hicklin et al, 2018). https://ceej.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_12344_0a26686d5d8965b81ca2cd6dd40a326a.pdf

University of Tabriz Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering 2008-7918 52 108 2022 11 22 Investigating the Effect of Geometrical Changes of Earth Dam Dimensional Parameters on the Assessment of Piping Failure Discharge with Considering Uncertainty in the Mechanical Properties of Materials Investigating the Effect of Geometrical Changes of Earth Dam Dimensional Parameters on the Assessment of Piping Failure Discharge with Considering Uncertainty in the Mechanical Properties of Materials 93 103 12758 10.22034/jcee.2021.33869.1798 FA Farhoud Kalateh Faculty of Civil Engineering, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran Reza Ahadifar Faculty of Civil Engineering, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran Journal Article 2019 06 03 The aim of this paper is to study the uncertainty in piping failure of the Teton earth Dam with considering geometrical parameters and material uncertainty using the BREACH-GUI model. Piping phenomenon in the body of the dam is one of the two common factors in the dam failure, which is a small intubation in the early hours with low diameter and low flow rate, due to erosion of the tunnel walls, the erosion of the tunnel walls increases the diameter of the tunnel and the flow of water passing through It will be tunnel that, if this amount of flow exceeds a limit, it will break the body of the dam and ultimately lead to the complete destruction of the body of the dam. Predicting the main breach characteristics (size, shape, time of formation) and the break outflow hydrograph with Monte Carlo uncertainty simulation are presented in this paper. The model is physically based on the principles of hydraulics, sediment transport, soil mechanics, geometric and material properties of the dam, and the reservoir properties (storage volume, spillway characteristics, and time- dependent reservoir inflow rate).Obtained results show that, the critical uncertainty parameters that produce the shortest time and maximum discharge flow arising from dam failure are  (frictional angle) and D50 (efficient diameter of soil). Obtained results show that earth dams with smaller shape factor fails faster and also with increasing in the level of water in the reservoir earth dam piping failure of dam intensify and also with increasing height of dam with constant shape factor the possibility of piping failure of dam is increased. The aim of this paper is to study the uncertainty in piping failure of the Teton earth Dam with considering geometrical parameters and material uncertainty using the BREACH-GUI model. Piping phenomenon in the body of the dam is one of the two common factors in the dam failure, which is a small intubation in the early hours with low diameter and low flow rate, due to erosion of the tunnel walls, the erosion of the tunnel walls increases the diameter of the tunnel and the flow of water passing through It will be tunnel that, if this amount of flow exceeds a limit, it will break the body of the dam and ultimately lead to the complete destruction of the body of the dam. Predicting the main breach characteristics (size, shape, time of formation) and the break outflow hydrograph with Monte Carlo uncertainty simulation are presented in this paper. The model is physically based on the principles of hydraulics, sediment transport, soil mechanics, geometric and material properties of the dam, and the reservoir properties (storage volume, spillway characteristics, and time- dependent reservoir inflow rate).Obtained results show that, the critical uncertainty parameters that produce the shortest time and maximum discharge flow arising from dam failure are  (frictional angle) and D50 (efficient diameter of soil). Obtained results show that earth dams with smaller shape factor fails faster and also with increasing in the level of water in the reservoir earth dam piping failure of dam intensify and also with increasing height of dam with constant shape factor the possibility of piping failure of dam is increased. https://ceej.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_12758_67d01fbc0752248956e221b61d6dc8e6.pdf

University of Tabriz Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering 2008-7918 52 108 2022 11 22 Lake Water Level Forecasting using Wavelet-ANFIS and System Dynamic Model Lake Water Level Forecasting using Wavelet-ANFIS and System Dynamic Model 105 115 12349 10.22034/jcee.2021.20119.1498 FA Mehdi Komasi Faculty of Engineering, Water Engineering and Hydraulic Structures, University of Ayatollah Ozma Borujerdi, Borujerd, Iran Neda Gheshlaghi Hydraulic Structures, Bu Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran Soroush Sharghi Faculty of Engineering, Water Engineering and Hydraulic Structures, University of Ayatollah Ozma Borujerdi, Borujerd, Iran Journal Article 2017 04 16 Nowadays challenge of water resource is a problem of many countries in the Middle East. This fact about Urmia Lake in Iran has more importance in the recent decade. Urmia Lake water level has involved many changes and fluctuations due to rainfall changes, droughts and dam constructions. The main purpose of this article is an investigation of System Dynamic (SD) methods for forecasting water level fluctuations using Wavelet Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (WANFIS). Nowadays challenge of water resource is a problem of many countries in the Middle East. This fact about Urmia Lake in Iran has more importance in the recent decade. Urmia Lake water level has involved many changes and fluctuations due to rainfall changes, droughts and dam constructions. The main purpose of this article is an investigation of System Dynamic (SD) methods for forecasting water level fluctuations using Wavelet Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (WANFIS). https://ceej.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_12349_8da8696fb657fc3eb4e9e2eb4938a12f.pdf

University of Tabriz Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering 2008-7918 52 108 2022 11 22 Effects of Metallic Nano Materials on the Cohesion and Adhesion Properties of Asphalt Binders and Aggregates Using Surface Free Energy Method Effects of Metallic Nano Materials on the Cohesion and Adhesion Properties of Asphalt Binders and Aggregates Using Surface Free Energy Method 117 126 12723 10.22034/jcee.2021.35996.1858 FA Babak Golchin Department of Civil Engineering, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran Ali Hekmat Department of Civil Engineering, Ahar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahar, Iran Gholam Hossein Hamedi Department of Civil Engineering, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran Journal Article 2019 10 06 One of the most common damages in asphalt mixtures is due to the destructive effects of moisture on the cohesion of asphalt binder and adhesion of asphalt binder-aggregate which is called moisture damage (Xiao et al, 2010). Moisture damage can be divided into two mechanisms, adhesion and cohesion. They are related to the strength loss of asphalt mixtures (Tan and Guo, 2013). Water can penetrate between the surface of asphalt binders and the aggregates. It reduces adhesion between binders and aggregates. Also, water can be absorbed in the asphalt binder. It decreases the cohesion properties of asphalt binders. When the cohesion and adhesion properties of asphalt binder reduce, stiffness of asphalt mixtures reduces. There are several different approaches for improving adhesion and reducing moisture sensitivity in asphalt mixtures. One convenient approach is modifying the asphalt binder with a suitable agent. Most of road and transportation agencies have tried to use anti striping additives to increase adhesion at the aggregate-asphalt interface (Kakar et al, 2015). Liquid anti strip additives are chemical surfactants that decrease the aggregate’s surface tension and improve the surface coverage of aggregates. In contrast in this research, the potential of two types of metallic nano materials in two different percentages (nano AL₂O₃ and Fe₂O₃) were evaluated. One of the most common damages in asphalt mixtures is due to the destructive effects of moisture on the cohesion of asphalt binder and adhesion of asphalt binder-aggregate which is called moisture damage (Xiao et al, 2010). Moisture damage can be divided into two mechanisms, adhesion and cohesion. They are related to the strength loss of asphalt mixtures (Tan and Guo, 2013). Water can penetrate between the surface of asphalt binders and the aggregates. It reduces adhesion between binders and aggregates. Also, water can be absorbed in the asphalt binder. It decreases the cohesion properties of asphalt binders. When the cohesion and adhesion properties of asphalt binder reduce, stiffness of asphalt mixtures reduces. There are several different approaches for improving adhesion and reducing moisture sensitivity in asphalt mixtures. One convenient approach is modifying the asphalt binder with a suitable agent. Most of road and transportation agencies have tried to use anti striping additives to increase adhesion at the aggregate-asphalt interface (Kakar et al, 2015). Liquid anti strip additives are chemical surfactants that decrease the aggregate’s surface tension and improve the surface coverage of aggregates. In contrast in this research, the potential of two types of metallic nano materials in two different percentages (nano AL₂O₃ and Fe₂O₃) were evaluated. https://ceej.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_12723_bb831943c93371e612b3e201d96f9f50.pdf

University of Tabriz Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering 2008-7918 52 108 2022 11 22 Evaluation of Sensitivity Analysis Methods in RC Frame Exposed Post-Earthquake Fire Evaluation of Sensitivity Analysis Methods in RC Frame Exposed Post-Earthquake Fire 127 139 12346 10.22034/jcee.2021.36831.1878 FA Majid Moradi Department of Civil Engineering, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology, Babol, Iran Hamidreza Tavakoli Department of Civil Engineering, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology, Babol, Iran Gholamreza Abdollahzadeh Department of Civil Engineering, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology, Babol, Iran Journal Article 2019 11 16 In this research, a 7-story three-dimensional structure with 4span (5-meter) with a square plan is considered. After the initial design, the mid-frame of the structure has been selected as a frame for mechanical-thermal analysis. In this research, pushover analysis is used to simulate structural behavior in seismic load. Three levels of IO, LS, and CP are considered for assessing the behavior of the structure in the post-earthquake fire scenario in the pushover analysis. The failure time of a concrete frame decreases in post-earthquake fire loading by increasing the level of performance. This reduction is 51% for the LS level and 29% for the CP level. It shows that rupture time has the highest sensitivity to seismic load. At all performance levels, among the design parameters, the yield stress of the armature has the highest sensitivity among other variables. The modulus of elasticity of the armature and the length of the span have the least sensitivity among different parameters. In this research, a 7-story three-dimensional structure with 4span (5-meter) with a square plan is considered. After the initial design, the mid-frame of the structure has been selected as a frame for mechanical-thermal analysis. In this research, pushover analysis is used to simulate structural behavior in seismic load. Three levels of IO, LS, and CP are considered for assessing the behavior of the structure in the post-earthquake fire scenario in the pushover analysis. The failure time of a concrete frame decreases in post-earthquake fire loading by increasing the level of performance. This reduction is 51% for the LS level and 29% for the CP level. It shows that rupture time has the highest sensitivity to seismic load. At all performance levels, among the design parameters, the yield stress of the armature has the highest sensitivity among other variables. The modulus of elasticity of the armature and the length of the span have the least sensitivity among different parameters. https://ceej.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_12346_14db8f689c86f18c156ca94c4c266be9.pdf

University of Tabriz Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering 2008-7918 52 108 2022 11 22 Investigating the Effects of Geometric Parameters of Buckling Restrained Braces on the Cyclic Behavior of Buckling Restrained Braced Frames Investigating the Effects of Geometric Parameters of Buckling Restrained Braces on the Cyclic Behavior of Buckling Restrained Braced Frames 141 150 12236 10.22034/jcee.2021.37823.1899 FA Ehsan Dehghani Department of Civil Engineering, University of Qom, Qom, Iran Narges Babaei Department of Civil Engineering, University of Shahid Bahonar, Kerman, Iran Alireza Zarrineghbal School of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran Journal Article 2020 01 14 Today, the buckling-restrained bracing frames (BRBFs) are widely used as a new system contributing to the absorption of a high amount of energy through yielding of the buckling-restrained brace (BRB) core when exposed to compression and tension. The relatively high cost of exploitation of this system has prompted researchers to seek for ways to reduce the costs while providing seismic performance. The present study was carried out to investigate the effect of the ratio of the yielding segment cross-sectional area to the elastic segment cross-sectional area as well as the length of the yielding segment to the total length of the BRB core on energy absorption demand of these braces in different stories of the BRB frames. For this purpose, two 5-and-10-story BRB frames have been modeled in Open Sees software, then the nonlinear time history analysis was performed on these frames under seven earthquake records. Using the results of the analysis, the energy absorption demand of braces on different stories with different ratios of the yielding segment cross-sectional area to the elastic segment cross-sectional area as well as the length of the yielding segment to the total length of the BRB core has been calculated. The results indicated that the variation of these ratios in the BRB can be effective in the amount of energy absorption demand of, in addition, the nature of this effect depended on the braced story in the BRB frame. However, the effect of stiffness modification factor on the uniformity of the energy absorption demand of braces in different stories is insignificant compared to the changes in the cross-sectional area of braces in different stories. Today, the buckling-restrained bracing frames (BRBFs) are widely used as a new system contributing to the absorption of a high amount of energy through yielding of the buckling-restrained brace (BRB) core when exposed to compression and tension. The relatively high cost of exploitation of this system has prompted researchers to seek for ways to reduce the costs while providing seismic performance. The present study was carried out to investigate the effect of the ratio of the yielding segment cross-sectional area to the elastic segment cross-sectional area as well as the length of the yielding segment to the total length of the BRB core on energy absorption demand of these braces in different stories of the BRB frames. For this purpose, two 5-and-10-story BRB frames have been modeled in Open Sees software, then the nonlinear time history analysis was performed on these frames under seven earthquake records. Using the results of the analysis, the energy absorption demand of braces on different stories with different ratios of the yielding segment cross-sectional area to the elastic segment cross-sectional area as well as the length of the yielding segment to the total length of the BRB core has been calculated. The results indicated that the variation of these ratios in the BRB can be effective in the amount of energy absorption demand of, in addition, the nature of this effect depended on the braced story in the BRB frame. However, the effect of stiffness modification factor on the uniformity of the energy absorption demand of braces in different stories is insignificant compared to the changes in the cross-sectional area of braces in different stories. https://ceej.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_12236_8389e1a870d29b1cb8fa514e6de294f2.pdf

University of Tabriz Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering 2008-7918 52 108 2022 11 22 The Experimental Examination of Gravity Load Effect on Cyclic Behavior of Steel-moment Resisting Frames The Experimental Examination of Gravity Load Effect on Cyclic Behavior of Steel-moment Resisting Frames 151 159 9481 10.22034/jcee.2019.9481 FA Said Sarbazvatan Civil Engineering Faculty of Uremia University Hossein Showkati Civil Engineering Faculty of Uremia University Journal Article 2019 04 09 In real construction, the loads imposed on gravity load structures (distributed load- concentrated load) with lateral loads including earthquake, wind or landslide due to soil, consideration of all effective factors is required.<br />In this study, the experimental examination of steel moment resisting frames that is simultaneously affected by concentrated gravity and cyclic loading will be done. The effect of gravity load on cyclic behavior of moment- resisting frame will be investigated. In a moment-resisting frame with certain dimensions, the certain concentrated load will be applied at the middle of beam and according to ATC24 protocol, the lateral cyclic displacement will be created in a frame. By drawing the cyclic diagram for imposed lateral load, the results for various seismic parameters will be evaluated.<br />The results of experimental data and the obtained results from FEM analysis have been compared for some specimens, which had good conformity with the modeled experimental specimens.<br />The investigation of experimental and FEM Results indicates the effect of applying gravity load on moment- resisting frame where cyclic displacement is created. The final resistance of steel frame is less than moment- resisting frame without concentrated load such that the total depreciated energy in steel-moment resisting frame without consideration of gravity load is less than 28% of moment-resisting frame with gravity concentrated load.  In real construction, the loads imposed on gravity load structures (distributed load- concentrated load) with lateral loads including earthquake, wind or landslide due to soil, consideration of all effective factors is required.<br />In this study, the experimental examination of steel moment resisting frames that is simultaneously affected by concentrated gravity and cyclic loading will be done. The effect of gravity load on cyclic behavior of moment- resisting frame will be investigated. In a moment-resisting frame with certain dimensions, the certain concentrated load will be applied at the middle of beam and according to ATC24 protocol, the lateral cyclic displacement will be created in a frame. By drawing the cyclic diagram for imposed lateral load, the results for various seismic parameters will be evaluated.<br />The results of experimental data and the obtained results from FEM analysis have been compared for some specimens, which had good conformity with the modeled experimental specimens.<br />The investigation of experimental and FEM Results indicates the effect of applying gravity load on moment- resisting frame where cyclic displacement is created. The final resistance of steel frame is less than moment- resisting frame without concentrated load such that the total depreciated energy in steel-moment resisting frame without consideration of gravity load is less than 28% of moment-resisting frame with gravity concentrated load.  https://ceej.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_9481_f765f1bacbe09855a799c390b8e4aa59.pdf

University of Tabriz Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering 2008-7918 52 108 2022 11 22 Numerical and Experimental Study of the Interaction between Strip Contact Surfaces with New Geometry and Sandy Soils and Investigation by GEP Method Numerical and Experimental Study of the Interaction between Strip Contact Surfaces with New Geometry and Sandy Soils and Investigation by GEP Method 161 174 12377 10.22034/jcee.2021.39835.1944 FA Javad Esfandiari Department of civil engineering, kermanshah branch, Islamic Azad University, Kermanshah, Iran Journal Article 2020 06 01      In this study, to study the interaction of soil and strip in the passive and active zoon, pull out experiments, direct shear test and numerical modeling of finite elements were performed. The expected results of this study saved the strip. Also, using genetic expression programming (GEP), new design criteria for soil stabilization in narrow and conflicting building spaces were extracted to estimate the pull out force.         In this study, to study the interaction of soil and strip in the passive and active zoon, pull out experiments, direct shear test and numerical modeling of finite elements were performed. The expected results of this study saved the strip. Also, using genetic expression programming (GEP), new design criteria for soil stabilization in narrow and conflicting building spaces were extracted to estimate the pull out force.    https://ceej.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_12377_35442c2438e72b19203a1f0ad4d3adc8.pdf

University of Tabriz Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering 2008-7918 52 108 2022 11 22 Prediction of Hydraulic Shock Wastewater in Unexpected Events using a Combination of Wavelet Operator and Artificial Intelligence Network Algorithm Prediction of Hydraulic Shock Wastewater in Unexpected Events using a Combination of Wavelet Operator and Artificial Intelligence Network Algorithm 175 184 12569 10.22034/jcee.2021.39118.1932 FA Hamid Sarkheil Applied Geology Department, Faculty of Earth Sciences, Kharazmi University, Karaj, Iran Ali Ehsani-Afrakati Human Environment Department, College of Environment, DOE, Karaj, Iran Mohammad Talaeian Araghi Human Environment Department, College of Environment, DOE, Karaj, Iran Journal Article 2020 04 05 Due to the development of urbanization and the limitation of freshwater resources, the importance of wastewater treatment and environmental pollution is of great importance. Inlet wastewater flow can be significantly increased during atmospheric phenomena or chronological events, thereby causing hydraulic shock and consequently destroying biological processes in treatment plants. So that these hydraulic shocks are associated with reduced hydraulic retention time and less purification time for microorganisms, the organic matter is removed from the system faster and the efficiency of stabilization and removal of pollutants is greatly reduced. Therefore, the composition of wastewater has a great impact on the local environmental situation, so it is important to study the amount of incoming wastewater as well as its environmental quality indicators (Sarkheil et al., 2018; Sarkheil et al., 2019). Due to the development of urbanization and the limitation of freshwater resources, the importance of wastewater treatment and environmental pollution is of great importance. Inlet wastewater flow can be significantly increased during atmospheric phenomena or chronological events, thereby causing hydraulic shock and consequently destroying biological processes in treatment plants. So that these hydraulic shocks are associated with reduced hydraulic retention time and less purification time for microorganisms, the organic matter is removed from the system faster and the efficiency of stabilization and removal of pollutants is greatly reduced. Therefore, the composition of wastewater has a great impact on the local environmental situation, so it is important to study the amount of incoming wastewater as well as its environmental quality indicators (Sarkheil et al., 2018; Sarkheil et al., 2019). https://ceej.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_12569_dee9879b175da2337a8eef38db1e45ad.pdf

University of Tabriz Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering 2008-7918 52 108 2022 11 22 Finite Element Modelling of Smart Adaptive Composite Beam Finite Element Modelling of Smart Adaptive Composite Beam 185 193 12705 10.22034/jcee.2021.30100.1724 FA Yaser Shahbazi Faculty of Architecture and Urbanism, Tabriz Islamic Art University, Tabriz, Iran Hamid Reza Mirdamadi Mechanical Engineering Department, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran Mohammad Reza Chenaghlou Civil Engineering Department, Sahand University of Technology, Tabriz., Iran Journal Article 2018 10 31 In the present paper, electromechanical finite element modeling of a smart adaptive composite beam is presented. The model is formulated based on linear electromechanics and electro kinematics assumptions. The proposed model is a three layers piezoelectric composite beam that acts as a transverse actuator. The elastic material of the core is isotropic whereas the outer piezoelectric layers are orthotropic. The accuracy of analytic and numerical models is demonstrated by examining the simulation of the two principles of mechanical and electrical energy conservation in a finite element program and also comparing its results with the ANSYS numerical model. In the numerical simulation of the finite element model, there are three mesh including 10, 50, and 100 elements. The parametric simulation consists of three mechanical, electrical, and electromechanical static loading sets. By comparing the results of modeling in the finite element programming and ANSYS, and verifying the principle of electromechanical energy conservation, it can be concluded that the proposed finite element model is efficient and accurate. In the present paper, electromechanical finite element modeling of a smart adaptive composite beam is presented. The model is formulated based on linear electromechanics and electro kinematics assumptions. The proposed model is a three layers piezoelectric composite beam that acts as a transverse actuator. The elastic material of the core is isotropic whereas the outer piezoelectric layers are orthotropic. The accuracy of analytic and numerical models is demonstrated by examining the simulation of the two principles of mechanical and electrical energy conservation in a finite element program and also comparing its results with the ANSYS numerical model. In the numerical simulation of the finite element model, there are three mesh including 10, 50, and 100 elements. The parametric simulation consists of three mechanical, electrical, and electromechanical static loading sets. By comparing the results of modeling in the finite element programming and ANSYS, and verifying the principle of electromechanical energy conservation, it can be concluded that the proposed finite element model is efficient and accurate. https://ceej.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_12705_7b897acfc69f66cab6ec6c98ebd710d2.pdf

University of Tabriz Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering 2008-7918 52 108 2022 11 22 Evaluation of Microalgae Performance in Different sectors of Wastewater Treatment Plant Using Statistical Analysis Evaluation of Microalgae Performance in Different sectors of Wastewater Treatment Plant Using Statistical Analysis 195 201 9254 10.22034/jcee.2019.9254 FA Elham Ghaemi Faculty of Environmental Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran Abdolreza Karbassi Faculty of Environmental Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran Behnoosh Aminzade Goharrizi Faculty of Environmental Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran Journal Article 2015 03 17 Industrialization and growth of population during the last century has led to destruction of many ecosystems used by mankind. Entrance of different kinds of sewage to open water and rivers is known as the first factor reducing the quality of water resource available for mankind. The volume of pollutants in the sewage including total suspended solid, biological oxygen demand and chemical oxygen demand, reached tens of thousands milligrams per liter (Chan et al., 2009).<br />Generally, in order to achieve sustainable economic development, water resources and wastewater management are necessary. Hence, it is necessary to use cost effective methods beside practical methods. Using microalgae for treatment of different kinds of municipal, agricultural and industrial wastewater is an affordable method (de Godos et al., 2010; Di Termini et al., 2011; Muñoz and Guieysse, 2006). Nowadays using microalgae in wastewater treatment has gained lots of attention, since microalgae can produce large amounts of biomass in order to attain valuable products and energy besides wastewater treatment and also prevent carbon dioxide from entering the atmosphere. Furthermore, treatment of different kinds of wastewater by means of microalgae is an environmental friendly method, because in this process no secondary pollutant is produced. The produced biomass is also recycled and used (Olguin, 2003; Rawat et al., 2011). Industrialization and growth of population during the last century has led to destruction of many ecosystems used by mankind. Entrance of different kinds of sewage to open water and rivers is known as the first factor reducing the quality of water resource available for mankind. The volume of pollutants in the sewage including total suspended solid, biological oxygen demand and chemical oxygen demand, reached tens of thousands milligrams per liter (Chan et al., 2009).<br />Generally, in order to achieve sustainable economic development, water resources and wastewater management are necessary. Hence, it is necessary to use cost effective methods beside practical methods. Using microalgae for treatment of different kinds of municipal, agricultural and industrial wastewater is an affordable method (de Godos et al., 2010; Di Termini et al., 2011; Muñoz and Guieysse, 2006). Nowadays using microalgae in wastewater treatment has gained lots of attention, since microalgae can produce large amounts of biomass in order to attain valuable products and energy besides wastewater treatment and also prevent carbon dioxide from entering the atmosphere. Furthermore, treatment of different kinds of wastewater by means of microalgae is an environmental friendly method, because in this process no secondary pollutant is produced. The produced biomass is also recycled and used (Olguin, 2003; Rawat et al., 2011). https://ceej.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_9254_a200781ec065081a1800c8abed38ab9b.pdf

University of Tabriz Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering 2008-7918 52 108 2022 11 22 Investigating the Pattern of Progressive Collapse in Double-Layer Dome Space Trusses Investigating the Pattern of Progressive Collapse in Double-Layer Dome Space Trusses 203 214 14343 10.22034/jcee.2022.37127.1881 FA Amin Gholizad Faculty of Civil Engineering, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran Vahid Akrami Faculty of Civil Engineering, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran Sanaz Kheirandish Faculty of Civil Engineering, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran Journal Article 2019 12 06 Space structures lack non-structural members adding to their stiffness and strength. Also, these structures have lower degree of redundancy, and therefore the loss of an important member in them can result in collapse of the entire structure. Progressive failure in dome structures has been investigated by various researchers (Jihong and Nian 2017; Zhao et al. 2017; Fu and Parke 2018; Gordini et al. 2018; Zheng and Fan 2018). The purpose of this study is to identify the behavior of two-layer dome structures against the occurrence of progressive failure and to determine the relevant failure patterns. The occurrence and pattern of progressive failure in the studied dome is investigated by eliminating the compressive and tensile members as well as the support structures. Space structures lack non-structural members adding to their stiffness and strength. Also, these structures have lower degree of redundancy, and therefore the loss of an important member in them can result in collapse of the entire structure. Progressive failure in dome structures has been investigated by various researchers (Jihong and Nian 2017; Zhao et al. 2017; Fu and Parke 2018; Gordini et al. 2018; Zheng and Fan 2018). The purpose of this study is to identify the behavior of two-layer dome structures against the occurrence of progressive failure and to determine the relevant failure patterns. The occurrence and pattern of progressive failure in the studied dome is investigated by eliminating the compressive and tensile members as well as the support structures. https://ceej.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_14343_2f5890100f96809800295551a55b9195.pdf

University of Tabriz Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering 2008-7918 52 108 2022 11 22 Numerical Evaluation of Sample Size Effect on the Behavior of Undrained Geotextile-Reinforced Cohesive Soil Numerical Evaluation of Sample Size Effect on the Behavior of Undrained Geotextile-Reinforced Cohesive Soil 215 223 12665 10.22034/jcee.2021.37344.1884 FA Nadia Navidinia Faculty of Civil Engineering, Babol Nooshirvani University of Technology, Babol, Iran Reza Noorzad Faculty of Civil Engineering, Babol Nooshirvani University of Technology, Babol, Iran Maryam Yoosefnezhad Faculty of Civil Engineering, Babol Nooshirvani University of Technology, Babol, Iran Journal Article 2019 12 17 Size effect, a phenomenon that is related to the dependence of the strength to the sample size that leads to more strength in the small samples compared to large samples. present study was carried out to investigate the effects of sample size on the mechanical behavior and geotextile-reinforced clay features in the short time using the PLAXIS 2D software. These simulations were modeled for different confining pressures: 400,600,800 and 1000 kPa and different diameters: 38, 100, 200, 300, 400 and 600 mm and one to four geotextile layers. Two constitutive models including the Moher-Coloumb model and hardening soil model are used to simulate the behavior of the soil. The results indicate that the hardening soil model forecasts more realistic pattern of soil behavior and values obtained from this model are always less than the results of Moher-Coloumb model.In unreinforced soil, the sample size effect is negligible, but in reinforced samples considerable for each confining pressure and number of geotextile layer, the effect up to a diameter of 400 mm and after that, any changes in sample size have no effect on results. Therfore, 400 mm diameter sample size can be used for behaviour of reinforced clay soils in short-term conditions. In other words, using a sample with a diameter of 400 mm instead of 38 mm diameter a real values is proposed for shear strength parameters reinforced clay soils in short-term conditions. Size effect, a phenomenon that is related to the dependence of the strength to the sample size that leads to more strength in the small samples compared to large samples. present study was carried out to investigate the effects of sample size on the mechanical behavior and geotextile-reinforced clay features in the short time using the PLAXIS 2D software. These simulations were modeled for different confining pressures: 400,600,800 and 1000 kPa and different diameters: 38, 100, 200, 300, 400 and 600 mm and one to four geotextile layers. Two constitutive models including the Moher-Coloumb model and hardening soil model are used to simulate the behavior of the soil. The results indicate that the hardening soil model forecasts more realistic pattern of soil behavior and values obtained from this model are always less than the results of Moher-Coloumb model.In unreinforced soil, the sample size effect is negligible, but in reinforced samples considerable for each confining pressure and number of geotextile layer, the effect up to a diameter of 400 mm and after that, any changes in sample size have no effect on results. Therfore, 400 mm diameter sample size can be used for behaviour of reinforced clay soils in short-term conditions. In other words, using a sample with a diameter of 400 mm instead of 38 mm diameter a real values is proposed for shear strength parameters reinforced clay soils in short-term conditions. https://ceej.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_12665_a65068580ae9464fed7b2774b70a926d.pdf