Evaluation of Interaction Process of Fly Ash and Clayey Soils with High Plasticity Index from Micro- Structural Point of View
Vahid Reza
Ouhadi
Faculty of Civil Engineering, Bu- Ali Sina University
author
Morteza
Deiranlou
Faculty of Civil Engineering, Bu- Ali Sina University
author
Porya
Rasolui
Faculty of Civil Engineering, Bu- Ali Sina University
author
text
article
2020
per
Fly ash is a coal combustion product that is composed of the particulates (fine particles of burned fuel) (Dayioglu et al., 2017). In many countries fly ash is placed in landfills. Due to the vast production of this type of waste, the safe disposal of fly ash is one of the major concerns. One of the best methods to reduce the side effects of fly ash production is to re-use it in civil engineering projects (Horpibulsuk, et al., 2009). Due to the presence of Al and Si in fly ash, it shows pozzolanic properties (Phanikumar and Shankar, 2017). Therefore, in the recent years fly ash has been used in many soil stabilization or cement production projects. In spite of many researches which have focused on application of fly ash in soil stabilization, there are very limited attentions on the type of mechanism of soil- fly ash interaction (i.e. chemical or physical type). Therefore, the main objective of this paper is to investigate the interaction process of fly ash and clayey coils with high plasticity index from micro structural point of view. In other words, this paper aims to investigate on the dominant type of soil-fly ash interaction and to examine that in what extent this interaction is physical or chemical process. To achieve the above mentioned objectives series of Atterberg limits test, unconfined compression experiments, XRD testing, and digestion test were performed to address the above mentioned objectives.
Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering
Dean of Faculty of Civil Engineering
2008-7918
49.4
v.
97
no.
2020
1
14
https://ceej.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_9482_a49215d36cbed887751f7579b97ce528.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22034/ceej.2020.9482
Wastewater Treatment, Pre-Fermentation, Duration of Aeration, Highly polluted Wastewater.
Iman
Ajideh Jouneqani
Chemical Engineering Department, Arak University, Arak
author
Alireza
Fazlali
Chemical Engineering Department, Arak University, Arak
author
Reza
Davarnejad
Chemical Engineering Department, Arak University, Arak
author
text
article
2020
per
Slaughterhouse waste contains many organic matters, suspended solid particles (SS), oil and lipid, nitrogen and phosphate and biological infiltration of these pastes for removing much organic matters has special efficiency because of high concentration of organic load and nitrogen (Merzouki et al., 2005). The aim of the present study is to examine the effect of pre-fermentation and duration of aeration on removing the pollutant from waste containing COD, ammonium and phosphate.
Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering
Dean of Faculty of Civil Engineering
2008-7918
49.4
v.
97
no.
2020
15
20
https://ceej.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_7296_d1a186fa23f00d7497b3ed9a24baaa4d.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22034/ceej.2020.7296
Determination of Face Pressure in EPB Tunneling Applying Empirical, Analytical and Numerical Methods (Case Study: Tabriz Underground Railway)
Amir Hassan
Rezaei
Faculty of Engineering, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz
author
Mojtaba
Shirzehhagh
Faculty of Civil Engineering, University of Tabriz
author
text
article
2020
per
In the present paper, results of empirical, analytical and numerical methods for determination of face support pressure in mechanized tunneling and measurements of tunneling induced surface settlements and applied face support and grout injection pressures during the construction of Tabriz underground railway line 2 (TUR2) are presented. Face pressure plays an important role in the evolution of tunneling induced-ground movements. Determination of optimum face stability pressure is a major challenge in TBM tunneling.
Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering
Dean of Faculty of Civil Engineering
2008-7918
49.4
v.
97
no.
2020
21
32
https://ceej.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_7656_c5fa88426778db2851aae6ee951e22c4.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22034/ceej.2020.7656
Application of Endurance Time Method in Optimum Seismic Design of Steel Frames Using Uniform Deformations Theory
Mohammad
Charkhtab Basim
Faculty of Civil Engineering, Sahand University of Technology
author
Homayoon
E. Estekanchi
Department of Civil Engineering, Sharif University of Technology
author
text
article
2020
per
In recent years, many research works have been accomplished to reduce the amount of losses induced by seismic hazards. In this regard, performance-based design approaches are recognized as promising tools. These approaches consist three steps: determination of performance objective, initial design and revising the design until achieving the final design. Optimization algorithm is used to automate the revising procedure (Gallagher and Zienkiowicz, 1973; Estekanchi and Basim, 2011). In linear static approaches of seismic design loading, structures with more stiffness and lateral strength are preferred, but investigations show that some cases exist that structures with lower stiffness show better behavior under seismic loadings. Therefore, it is required to use more precise modeling and analysis techniques and consider performance of the structure is multiple hazard levels in optimum design process. On the other hand, one of the most important obstacles in optimum design procedure is accurate response estimation with an acceptable computational effort. In this study, the Endurance Time (ET) method is used to estimate the response of the structure at various hazard intensity levels (Estekanchi et al. 2004). Uniform deformations theory introduce by Gong et al. (2003) is used here to acquire the optimum sections of a prototype steel frame with the least structural weight satisfying performance objectives in multiple hazard levels. Efficiency of the method and performance of the prototype structure before and after optimization is investigated and discussed. ASCE41-06 (2007) is used to define performance objectives.
Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering
Dean of Faculty of Civil Engineering
2008-7918
49.4
v.
97
no.
2020
33
45
https://ceej.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_7664_72d105d365408233c5f74f40fb9b7bd4.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22034/ceej.2020.7664
Analyses of Slenderness Coefficient Effect of Floating Wood on CPK Weir Blockage in individual Test System
Saeid
Habibi
Master student
Jundi-Shapur University of Technology
Civil Engineering Department
author
babak
Lashkar-Ara
Faculty member/Jundi-Shapur University of Technology
author
text
article
2020
per
The result of an experimental study on the effect of a slender coefficient of floating wood in a drift flow is presented in the present paper on the heir blocking quantity in vertical intake perpendicular to CPK entrance. There was an effort to create a different amount of blocking at the opening of CPK weir by using experimental setups and by choosing woods with various coefficients of slenderness equal to 15, 20, and 25. And several scenarios were created to study the effect of weir opening shape on the hydraulic profile by changing her gradient keys (z) and several cycles (n) of CPK. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of the slender coefficient of floating debris on the probability of CPK weir accumulation under different cycles and different input and output key slopes and compared to glory overflow.
Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering
Dean of Faculty of Civil Engineering
2008-7918
49.4
v.
97
no.
2020
47
58
https://ceej.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_6955_88a3951e41bd22d84d33f632d6d64e24.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22034/ceej.2020.6955
Comparison of Shear Lag Effect in High-rise Buildings
Hamid
Beiraghi
Department of Civil Engineering, Mahdishahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mahdishahr
author
Ali
Kheyroddin
Faculty of Civil Engineering, Semnan University, Semnan
author
text
article
2020
per
In this paper, Near fault earthquakes compared to far-fault earthquakes have greater potential to create damage in structures. In this paper, the effect of far fault and near fault events on structural response of reinforced concrete shear wall besides buckling restrained brace frame in tall and mid-rise buildings is studied. In the modeling, the specification of the reinforced shear wall and the buckling restrained frames is used. This kind of structural system is essentially a combined system. In this study, the structural system of the considered buildings is designed by using the valid cods and using response spectrum analysis method. Then, the nonlinear model is prepared. In the numerical model of the walls, the fiber type elements is used. In the numerical model of the walls, the fiber type elements is used. The nonlinear time history analysis is implemented subjected to the far fault and near fault earthquakes. Finally, the responses of the structures are analyzed and compared.
Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering
Dean of Faculty of Civil Engineering
2008-7918
49.4
v.
97
no.
2020
59
68
https://ceej.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_9087_59ede44784bf1802ac06eebe34a3bee8.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22034/ceej.2020.9087
Numerical-Physical Modeling of the Effect of Direction of Earthquake Loading on the Seismic Interaction of Slope-Floating Pile Row
Hassan
Sharafi
Faculty of Engineering, Razi University of Kermanshah, Kermanshah
author
Yazdan
Shams Maleki
Civil Engineering Department, Razi University, Kermanshah
author
text
article
2020
per
Using piles row is a well-known method to stabilize the soil slopes in the both static and seismic conditions. The load transfer mechanism of installed piles row may be as end- bearing or floating. In this study the behavior of floating piles row with circular cross- section were installed inside the dry sandy slope by help of three- dimensional numerical analyses and physical modeling have been simultaneously studied. The three- dimensional numerical modeling was used for conducting the parametric studies about effects of directions of imposition of near-field and far- field earthquakes loading on the main structural and geotechnical interaction parameters of floating piles row-sandy slope problem (Al-Defae and Knappett, 2015; Ashour and Ardalan, 2012).
Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering
Dean of Faculty of Civil Engineering
2008-7918
49.4
v.
97
no.
2020
69
82
https://ceej.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_7655_73e5548d53f8a6a00ec9fb80fa02122c.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22034/ceej.2020.7655
An Experimental Study on the Combined Effect of Reinforcement and Stabilization on the Shear Behavior of Babolsar Sand
Issa
Shooshpasha
Faculty of Civil Engineering, University of Babol University of Technology, Babol
author
Hamidreza
Nejati Namin
Faculty of Civil Engineering, University of Babol University of Technology, Babol
author
text
article
2020
per
Improvement of weak soils with adding elements such as fibers that can increase tensile strength and stabilizing soils with additives that react chemically with them to make soils with desirable engineering properties is called reinforcement and stabilization (Consoli et al 2009). Researchers have always tried to improve bearing capacity, strength and properties of soil using different methods such as mechanical and chemical modifications and also reinforcement by high tensile strength elements Ghiassian, H. and Holtz, D, H., 2005). Randomly distributed discrete fibers offer strength isotropy and limit potential planes of weakness that can develop parallel to oriented reinforcement (Yetimoglu, T. and Salbas, O., 2003). Cementation in its general sense is binding and in geotechnical engineering, cementation is sticking soil particles to each other to form a cohesive mass with a higher strength. Soil structure is one of the factors that can affect behavior of (fine and coarse- grained) soils. Cementation plays an important role in the structure formation of coarse-grained soil. Soil structure is geometric arrangement of the soil particles and the forces, if any, between them the objective of this research is experimental study of the effect of reinforcement and stabilization on the behavior of sandy soil and evaluating effect of fibers on the shear behavior of cemented sand using strain-controlled triaxial tests under consolidated undrained conditions.
Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering
Dean of Faculty of Civil Engineering
2008-7918
49.4
v.
97
no.
2020
83
91
https://ceej.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_8444_d37638ab13912aeaadc18e79831db540.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22034/ceej.2020.8444
Imperical Coefficient of Discharge Predictor for Morning Glory Spillway with Pyramidal Vortex Breakers Using Physical Model
Farzaneh
Sayadzadeh
Department of Agricultural Systems Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran
author
Seyed Habib
Musavi-Jahromi
Department of Water Resources Engineering and Management, Shahr-e Qods Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran
author
Hosein
Sedghi
Department of Agricultural Systems Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran
author
Amir
Khosrojerdi
Department of Agricultural Systems Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran
author
text
article
2020
per
Morning glory spillways are one of dam spillways. This type of spillway is so effective when there is no adequate space to build other types of spillways. The main problem with these spillways is the strong spiral vortices which will reduce efficiency of flood conveyance from the reservoir to downstream. Vortex breakers are attached on the crest spillway to reduce vortex negative functionality and increase efficiency of morning glory spillway and as a result it's discharge coefficient. In the present article, physical model of pyramidal vortex breakers has been undertaken. Number and characteristics of vortex breakers influence on the discharge coefficient of the morning glory spillway have studied. 165 experiments have been conducted in the Hydraulic Laboratory of SRBIAU, Tehran. Applying nonlinear regression analyses, emprical equations were obtained for estimating the discharge coefficient of morning glory spillway with pyramidal vortex breakers. Through comparsion of results of these new predictors and observed data, the determination coefficients of training and testing data was calculated as 0.917 in the crest control and 0.99 in the orifice control, respectively. The sensitivity analysis was also performed to investigate the effect of factors affecting the proposed predictors of the discharge coefficient. Finding show that pyramidal vortex breakers in group of six cause the discharge coefficient to be increased significantly. It is showed that the discharge coefficient due to triangular pyramidal vortex breakers existence is increased 50.97% in crest control and 11.80% in orifice control more than the non-vortex breakers in the morning glory spillway.
Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering
Dean of Faculty of Civil Engineering
2008-7918
49.4
v.
97
no.
2020
93
104
https://ceej.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_9095_39759ed690db4fad67b7efd06609c542.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22034/ceej.2020.9095
Evaluation of the Janbu Modulus Number in clayey soils with using shear wave velocity (Case study: Tabriz City)
Alireza
Alizadeh Majdi
Department of Geotechnical Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran
author
Rouzbeh
Dabiri
Department of Civil Engineering, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz
author
Navid
Ganjian
Department of Geotechnical Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran
author
Abbas
Ghalanderzadeh
Department of Geotechnical Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Tehran University
author
text
article
2020
per
For assessing the consolidation settlement, it is mainly used by Terzaghi and Janbu theories. Main of this study is evaluation of the Janbu settlement modulus in clayey soils based on shear wave velocity with using down hole test. In continue, results with using artificial neural network analyses and statistical methods verified. The study area is The city of Tabriz is located in the northwestern part of Iran and has a variety of clayey soils, silty and marl types (yellow, green and gray) with different consolidation potential. In this research, by drilling three machine boreholes at depths up to 8 meters, complete physical, plasticity and consolidation experiments were carried out on 20 undisturbed samples. The in-field Downhole test was also used to determine the shear wave velocity in the boreholes. Moreover, shear wave velocity was evaluated in study area with using down hole test and based on effective vertical stress on study depths normalized. Results showed that the Janbu settlement modulus and normalized shear wave velocity in study area respectively are between 14.38 to 41.39 and 234 to 694 m/s. With considering that results of existing practical relationships for determining the Janbu settlement modulus were not appropriate in study area. In order to improve the practical relationships between the Janbu settlement modulus and normalized shear wave velocity artificial neural network and statistical methods with applying linear, logarithmic and exponential functions was performed. Results showed that exponential function for determining the Janbu settlement modulus in study area is favorable.
Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering
Dean of Faculty of Civil Engineering
2008-7918
49.4
v.
97
no.
2020
105
115
https://ceej.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_8442_03c7a1f26ddc92a8cce13276ad5b6466.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22034/ceej.2020.8442
Thermo-elastic Analysis of the Rotating Functionally Graded Truncated Conical shells Using Differential Quadrature Method
Mahmoud
Miri
Department of Civil Engineering, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan
author
Naser
Safaeian Hamzehkolaei
Department of Civil Eengineering, Bozorgmehr University of Qaenat
author
Mohsen
Rashki
Department of Architectural Engineering, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan
author
text
article
2020
per
Functionally graded materials (FGMs) are inhomogeneous materials with continues variation of the constituents, usually metal and ceramic, in a given direction that are commonly useful in thermal environment (Malekzadeh and Safaeian, 2013, 2016). Rotating FGM conical shells are widely used as structural components in different engineering fields such as aeronautics, nuclear engineering, etc. Therefore, exact thermo-elastic analysis of these structures is crucial. In the present study, thermo-elasticanalysisofrotating FGMtruncatedconicalshells with temperature dependent material properties and subjected to convection heat transfer effects between the internal hot fluid and the shell inner surface is investigated based on the elasticity theory.
Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering
Dean of Faculty of Civil Engineering
2008-7918
49.4
v.
97
no.
2020
117
129
https://ceej.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_7651_cf13086caf370e42c8e7f92356638d54.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22034/ceej.2020.7651